KWin/en: Difference between revisions
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|[[Image: | |[[Image:KWin_Plasma_5_16.png|thumb|center|356px| | ||
KWin running a Plasma 5.16 desktop]] | |||
|'''The reliable and flexible window manager for KDE Plasma Desktops, now with effects!''' | |||
|} | |} | ||
<span id="Feature Overview"></span> | <span id="Feature Overview"></span> | ||
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:* Improved efficiency | :* Improved efficiency | ||
'''KWin''' (pronounced " | '''KWin''' (pronounced "kay-win") is the window manager for the '''KDE Plasma Desktop'''. It gives you complete control over your windows, making sure they're not in the way but aid you in your task. It paints the window decoration, the bar on top of every window with (configurable) buttons like close, maximize and minimize. It also handles placing of windows and switching between them. | ||
'''KWin''' supports ''compositing'', which means using 3D effects for handling your windows. This can make window management smoother, easier, more efficient and more natural. It’s hardware requirements are very modest and pretty much every reasonably modern system since 2002 supports it. There are still some issues with certain hardware, more info about that can be found on [http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/KWin techbase] | '''KWin''' supports ''compositing'', which means using 3D effects for handling your windows. This can make window management smoother, easier, more efficient and more natural. It’s hardware requirements are very modest and pretty much every reasonably modern system since 2002 supports it. | ||
<!-- There are still some issues with certain hardware, more info about that can be found on [http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/KWin techbase]--> | |||
== Practical Features == | == Practical Features == | ||
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Click with your right mouse button on a window decoration or use [[Special:myLanguage/System Settings|System Settings]] to access the new and easier configuration of '''KWin'''. Here you can enable effects to more efficiently manage your windows. You can for example use the '''Present Windows''' as the effect for window switching. Instead of showing you icons or very small previews of your applications, it arranges them in a grid so you can quickly choose the right one. Just use the <keycap>Alt-Tab</keycap> keysequence and keep the <keycap>Alt</keycap> key pressed. You can now use tab to switch through the windows or just activate the right one using the mouse. Hitting <keycap>Alt-Tab</keycap> keys quickly will show you the next window in the queue, just like it used to. | Click with your right mouse button on a window decoration or use [[Special:myLanguage/System Settings|System Settings]] to access the new and easier configuration of '''KWin'''. Here you can enable effects to more efficiently manage your windows. You can for example use the '''Present Windows''' as the effect for window switching. Instead of showing you icons or very small previews of your applications, it arranges them in a grid so you can quickly choose the right one. Just use the <keycap>Alt-Tab</keycap> keysequence and keep the <keycap>Alt</keycap> key pressed. You can now use tab to switch through the windows or just activate the right one using the mouse. Hitting <keycap>Alt-Tab</keycap> keys quickly will show you the next window in the queue, just like it used to. | ||
If your X server already supports compositing, switching it on is as easy as opening System Settings, opening the <menuchoice> | If your X server already supports compositing, switching it on is as easy as opening System Settings, opening the <menuchoice>Worskpace Appearance and Behaviour</menuchoice> module, choosing <menuchoice>Desktop Effects</menuchoice> and enabling the checkbox <menuchoice>Enable desktop effects at startup</menuchoice>. More advanced compositing settings (such as ''Use VSync'', ''Scale method'', ''Compositing type'') are available through the <menuchoice>Advanced</menuchoice> dialog. Customising the behaviour of the KWin effects means opening the <menuchoice>All effects</menuchoice> tab, and choosing the plugins you want to use. Please note that only a subset of the plugins works with ''XRender''-based compositing. For the full experience, you need to use OpenGL mode. | ||
Employing motion physics, '''KWin''' provides your windows with a more natural feel. New desktop effects like the '''Cube''' desktop switcher and '''Magic Lamp''' minimize animation have been added. Improvements in the existing effects make window management smoother than ever. KWin has seen many performance improvements to enable these effects even on low-end hardware. Elaborate checks have been build in to ensure users with low-end hardware are not presented with an unusable setup. KWin detects the capabilities of the hardware and if needed gracefully scales its effects down. You can take control and disable these checks or change settings like the global animation speed to fine-tune your experience. When your computer is under heavy load, '''KWin''' will automatically disable the compositing temporarily to keep things running smoothly. It will notify you if it does so, and you can re-enable compositing by pressing <keycap>Shift+Alt+F12</keycap>. Finally, support for multiple screen handling has been improved in '''KWin''' using the new '''Kephal''' library. You can move maximized windows between '''Xinerama''' screens and the addition of external screens is handled correctly. | Employing motion physics, '''KWin''' provides your windows with a more natural feel. New desktop effects like the '''Cube''' desktop switcher and '''Magic Lamp''' minimize animation have been added. Improvements in the existing effects make window management smoother than ever. KWin has seen many performance improvements to enable these effects even on low-end hardware. Elaborate checks have been build in to ensure users with low-end hardware are not presented with an unusable setup. KWin detects the capabilities of the hardware and if needed gracefully scales its effects down. You can take control and disable these checks or change settings like the global animation speed to fine-tune your experience. When your computer is under heavy load, '''KWin''' will automatically disable the compositing temporarily to keep things running smoothly. It will notify you if it does so, and you can re-enable compositing by pressing <keycap>Shift+Alt+F12</keycap>. Finally, support for multiple screen handling has been improved in '''KWin''' using the new '''Kephal''' library. You can move maximized windows between '''Xinerama''' screens and the addition of external screens is handled correctly. | ||
More information about what was introduced in KDE SC 4. | More information about what was introduced in KDE SC 4.9 can be found at the following link: | ||
* [http:// | * [http://blog.martin-graesslin.com/blog/2012/09/performance-improvements-in-kwin-4-9-2-and-4-10 kwin improvements] | ||
== Tutorials == | == Tutorials == | ||
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===You want an application to launch in a specific size and position every time=== | ===You want an application to launch in a specific size and position every time=== | ||
[[Image:KWin_Settings_Geometry.png|thumb|400px|center| | [[Image:KWin_Settings_Geometry.png|thumb|400px|center|Size and Position]] | ||
Sometimes the screen position of an application is vital to your comfort, so use the flexibility of '''KWin''' to make sure it's always where you want it. | Sometimes the screen position of an application is vital to your comfort, so use the flexibility of '''KWin''' to make sure it's always where you want it. | ||
Position the window where you want it to open, then right-click on the title-bar, choosing <menuchoice>Advanced -> Special Window Settings</menuchoice>. This will open a settings window, with appropriate entries already made. All you need to do now is select the <menuchoice> | Position the window where you want it to open, then right-click on the title-bar, choosing <menuchoice>Advanced -> Special Window Settings</menuchoice>. This will open a settings window, with appropriate entries already made. All you need to do now is select the <menuchoice>Size & Position</menuchoice> tab and check <menuchoice>Position</menuchoice> and <menuchoice>Size</menuchoice>. OK - you are finished! | ||
<!-- | |||
===Script the window manager from the command line=== | ===Script the window manager from the command line=== | ||
Use the [http://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/WMIface?content=40425 '''WMIface'''] utility. | Use the [http://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/WMIface?content=40425 '''WMIface'''] utility. | ||
--> | |||
===Customise the position of titlebar buttons=== | ===Customise the position of titlebar buttons=== | ||
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[[Image:KWin_Configure_Buttons.png|thumb|400px|center|Configure Buttons]] | [[Image:KWin_Configure_Buttons.png|thumb|400px|center|Configure Buttons]] | ||
Take a look at <menuchoice>System Settings -> | Take a look at <menuchoice>System Settings -> Application Style -> Window Decorations -> Buttons</menuchoice> tab. The options open to you may depend on your distribution or theme, and it's clear that there is more to come. | ||
To simply move things around you work with the | To simply move things around you work with the specimen titlebar. Drag icons there to where you want to see them. | ||
You may find that you have other icons available to you. A circle indicates that the button will set that window on all desktops. Another icon that you may find useful is Shade - a toggle between rolled up (titlebar only visible) and normal view. These icons are added by dragging from the text description window onto the speciman title bar - just position them as you want to use them. | You may find that you have other icons available to you. A circle indicates that the button will set that window on all desktops. Another icon that you may find useful is Shade - a toggle between rolled up (titlebar only visible) and normal view. These icons are added by dragging from the text description window onto the speciman title bar - just position them as you want to use them. | ||
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|} | |} | ||
Right-click on your desktop - select <menuchoice>Desktop Settings</menuchoice> (or <menuchoice>Appearance Settings</menuchoice>, in some distros). Change the <menuchoice> | Right-click on your desktop - select <menuchoice>Desktop Settings</menuchoice> (or <menuchoice>Appearance Settings</menuchoice>, in some distros). Change the <menuchoice>Layout:</menuchoice> from <menuchoice>Desktop</menuchoice> to <menuchoice>Folder View</menuchoice>. The whole desktop is now a folderview, and another right-click on the desktop will allow you to select <menuchoice>FolderView Settings</menuchoice>. Set the folderview to the directory you want to use as your desktop. | ||
===Open applications directly into a different desktop=== | ===Open applications directly into a different desktop=== | ||
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Use commands like | Use commands like | ||
{{Input|1= | {{Input|1=kstart5 --desktop 4 kate}} | ||
<span id="Using with small screens (eg Netbooks)"></span> | <span id="Using with small screens (eg Netbooks)"></span> | ||
==Using with small screens (eg Netbooks)== | ==Using with small screens (eg Netbooks)== | ||
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===Make the window decorations smaller=== | ===Make the window decorations smaller=== | ||
[[Image:KWin_Small_Decorations.png|thumb|400px|center|Oxygen | [[Image:KWin_Small_Decorations.png|thumb|400px|center|Breeze, Plastik, and Oxygen Styles]] | ||
<menuchoice>System Settings -> | <menuchoice>System Settings -> Application Style -> Window Decorations</menuchoice> tab. Two good options there: | ||
[[Image: | [[Image:KWin_Breeze_Small.png|thumb|300px|center|Configure Breeze Style]] | ||
* Using the default style ( | * Using the default style (Breeze), select <menuchoice>Configure Decoration</menuchoice> and set <menuchoice>Button size</menuchoice> to <menuchoice>Tiny</menuchoice> or <menuchoice>Small</menuchoice>. | ||
* | * Using an other style, with smaller windows decorations. | ||
Both routes will give you slim and functional window titles and borders. | Both routes will give you slim and functional window titles and borders. | ||
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===Change the base fonts=== | ===Change the base fonts=== | ||
On many netbooks the screen is very clear, so that reading fonts much smaller than you expect is feasible. On | On many netbooks the screen is very clear, so that reading fonts much smaller than you expect is feasible. On Acer Aspire One I find that 8 point is a good base settings. | ||
<!-- | |||
===Make '''Firefox''' use smaller fonts=== | ===Make '''Firefox''' use smaller fonts=== | ||
Experimentation with <menuchoice>about:config</menuchoice> did not bring satisfactory results. Do this instead. Download and install '''gtk-chtheme''' from [http://plasmasturm.org/code/gtk-chtheme/ this website]. Using that tool you can either set a specific font size, or better still, tell it to use your KDE desktop settings. This will work with '''Firefox''' as well as any gtk applications that you use. | Experimentation with <menuchoice>about:config</menuchoice> did not bring satisfactory results. Do this instead. Download and install '''gtk-chtheme''' from [http://plasmasturm.org/code/gtk-chtheme/ this website]. Using that tool you can either set a specific font size, or better still, tell it to use your KDE desktop settings. This will work with '''Firefox''' as well as any gtk applications that you use. | ||
--> | |||
===KMail's Aggregation options take up too much space=== | ===KMail's Aggregation options take up too much space=== | ||
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=== Troubleshoot Graphics Problems === | === Troubleshoot Graphics Problems === | ||
Curing graphics problems depends on knowing the correct drivers for your graphics card. | Curing graphics problems depends on knowing the correct drivers for your graphics card. Learn more about this on the [[Special:myLanguage/Desktop_Effects_Performance|Desktop Effects Performance]] page. | ||
=== Defining Window Rules === | |||
There is a tutorial on defining your own rules for the behaviour of specific windows on the [[Special:myLanguage/KWin Rules|KWin Rules]] pages. | |||
== More Information == | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KWin Wikipedia] | |||
* [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Window_manager Window manager] (Arch Linux Wiki) | |||
* [[Special:myLanguage/Tutorials/Using Other Window Managers with Plasma|Using Other Window Managers with Plasma]] | |||
[[Category:Desktop]] | [[Category:Desktop]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:04, 23 September 2022
 |
The reliable and flexible window manager for KDE Plasma Desktops, now with effects! |
Feature Overview
- Stable and reliable
- Compositing, 3D effects
- Easy configuration
- Improved efficiency
KWin (pronounced "kay-win") is the window manager for the KDE Plasma Desktop. It gives you complete control over your windows, making sure they're not in the way but aid you in your task. It paints the window decoration, the bar on top of every window with (configurable) buttons like close, maximize and minimize. It also handles placing of windows and switching between them.
KWin supports compositing, which means using 3D effects for handling your windows. This can make window management smoother, easier, more efficient and more natural. It’s hardware requirements are very modest and pretty much every reasonably modern system since 2002 supports it.
Practical Features
Click with your right mouse button on a window decoration or use System Settings to access the new and easier configuration of KWin. Here you can enable effects to more efficiently manage your windows. You can for example use the Present Windows as the effect for window switching. Instead of showing you icons or very small previews of your applications, it arranges them in a grid so you can quickly choose the right one. Just use the Alt-Tab keysequence and keep the Alt key pressed. You can now use tab to switch through the windows or just activate the right one using the mouse. Hitting Alt-Tab keys quickly will show you the next window in the queue, just like it used to.
If your X server already supports compositing, switching it on is as easy as opening System Settings, opening the module, choosing and enabling the checkbox . More advanced compositing settings (such as Use VSync, Scale method, Compositing type) are available through the dialog. Customising the behaviour of the KWin effects means opening the tab, and choosing the plugins you want to use. Please note that only a subset of the plugins works with XRender-based compositing. For the full experience, you need to use OpenGL mode.
Employing motion physics, KWin provides your windows with a more natural feel. New desktop effects like the Cube desktop switcher and Magic Lamp minimize animation have been added. Improvements in the existing effects make window management smoother than ever. KWin has seen many performance improvements to enable these effects even on low-end hardware. Elaborate checks have been build in to ensure users with low-end hardware are not presented with an unusable setup. KWin detects the capabilities of the hardware and if needed gracefully scales its effects down. You can take control and disable these checks or change settings like the global animation speed to fine-tune your experience. When your computer is under heavy load, KWin will automatically disable the compositing temporarily to keep things running smoothly. It will notify you if it does so, and you can re-enable compositing by pressing Shift+Alt+F12. Finally, support for multiple screen handling has been improved in KWin using the new Kephal library. You can move maximized windows between Xinerama screens and the addition of external screens is handled correctly.
More information about what was introduced in KDE SC 4.9 can be found at the following link:
Tutorials
You want an application to launch in a specific size and position every time
Sometimes the screen position of an application is vital to your comfort, so use the flexibility of KWin to make sure it's always where you want it.
Position the window where you want it to open, then right-click on the title-bar, choosing . This will open a settings window, with appropriate entries already made. All you need to do now is select the tab and check and . OK - you are finished!
Customise the position of titlebar buttons
Take a look at tab. The options open to you may depend on your distribution or theme, and it's clear that there is more to come.
To simply move things around you work with the specimen titlebar. Drag icons there to where you want to see them.
You may find that you have other icons available to you. A circle indicates that the button will set that window on all desktops. Another icon that you may find useful is Shade - a toggle between rolled up (titlebar only visible) and normal view. These icons are added by dragging from the text description window onto the speciman title bar - just position them as you want to use them.
If you prefer a Classic, KDE3-style Desktop
|
| Change to traditional desktop |
Right-click on your desktop - select (or , in some distros). Change the from to . The whole desktop is now a folderview, and another right-click on the desktop will allow you to select . Set the folderview to the directory you want to use as your desktop.
Open applications directly into a different desktop
Use commands like
kstart5 --desktop 4 kate
Using with small screens (eg Netbooks)
Make the window decorations smaller
tab. Two good options there:
- Using the default style (Breeze), select and set to or .
- Using an other style, with smaller windows decorations.
Both routes will give you slim and functional window titles and borders.
Change the base fonts
On many netbooks the screen is very clear, so that reading fonts much smaller than you expect is feasible. On Acer Aspire One I find that 8 point is a good base settings.
KMail's Aggregation options take up too much space
See this FAQ to change it.
KMail's Folder-List Tooltips hide too many folder names
See this FAQ to change their behaviour
Gallery
The Gallery holds many screenshots of past and present desktops and effects.
Troubleshoot Graphics Problems
Curing graphics problems depends on knowing the correct drivers for your graphics card. Learn more about this on the Desktop Effects Performance page.
Defining Window Rules
There is a tutorial on defining your own rules for the behaviour of specific windows on the KWin Rules pages.
More Information
- Wikipedia
- Window manager (Arch Linux Wiki)
- Using Other Window Managers with Plasma