Kdenlive/Manual/Effects/Alpha manipulation/Color Selection: Difference between revisions

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==== Color Selection ==== <!--T:1-->
==== Chroma-Key ==== <!--T:1-->


The '''Colour Selection''' effect (or '''Color Selection''') is a more advanced version of the [https://userbase.kde.org/Kdenlive/Manual/Effects/Alpha_manipulation/Blue_Screen Chroma Key] effect. Colour Selection allows for some basic feathering (by changing the '''Edge Mode''') and much more fine-grained control over how much & in which way you remove the background.
<!--T:28-->
The '''Chroma-Key''' is a more advanced version of the [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Effects/Alpha_manipulation/Blue_Screen|Chroma Key]] effect. Chroma-Key allows for some basic feathering (by changing the '''Edge Mode''') and much more fine-grained control over how much & in which way you remove the background.


This is better for backgrounds that have less contrast with the foreground, or more complex backgrounds. For simple backgrounds (such as green, blue, red or possibly black), use the [https://userbase.kde.org/Kdenlive/Manual/Effects/Alpha_manipulation/Blue_Screen Chroma Key] effect.
<!--T:29-->
This is better for backgrounds that have less contrast with the foreground, or more complex backgrounds. For simple backgrounds (such as green, blue, red or possibly black), use the [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Effects/Alpha_manipulation/Blue_Screen|Chroma Key]] effect.


===Basic Technique===
===Basic Technique=== <!--T:30-->


This section currently has no text. I will complete it later, right now I do not have the time.
<!--T:31-->
Find a clip with a background (preferably multiple, or slightly complex, because the "chroma key effect" can do easy backgrounds such as green or blue). Add the Chroma-Key effect to the clip.


=== All Options===
<!--T:36-->
After this, either chose the color using the little droplet button. Click on the droplet button, and then click on the background part of the clip you want to remove. Adjust the Delta sliders until the background is removed correctly. This might need to experimenting. If you find it isn't removing the background well, try changing the "selection subspace" and experiment again. If you experimented and cycled through all the "selection subspaces", and the background isn't still removed properly, then it is probably too complicated for '''Kdenlive''' to remove. At this point, you will need to use [[Kdenlive/Manual/Effects/Alpha manipulation/Rotoscoping|Rotoscoping]].
 
<!--T:38-->
If the effect took lots of time to experiment, and you will need to use this effect again, then click on the three horizontal lines in the top right corner, and then click '''Save effect'''. Give the effect a name, and save. You can now search for this specific effect in your effects tab.
 
=== All Options=== <!--T:32-->


<!--T:4-->
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[[File:Color_selection_effect.png]]
[[File:Color_selection_effect.png]]


Here is a outline of all the options:
<!--T:33-->
Here is an outline of all the options:


<!--T:14-->
<!--T:14-->
'''Color to select''': the color to select. This is the color that will be transparent/the only colour that is opaque.
'''Color to select''': the color to select. This is the color that will be transparent/the only color that is opaque.


<!--T:15-->
<!--T:15-->
'''Invert selection''': When ON (default), the selected color will be transparent. When OFF the selected color will be opaque. Keeping the selected colour opaque may be more effective if the foreground is simple and the background is complicated
'''Invert selection''': When ON (default), the selected color will be transparent. When OFF the selected color will be opaque. Keeping the selected color opaque may be more effective if the foreground is simple and the background is complicated


<!--T:5-->
<!--T:5-->
'''Selection Subspace''' options are: RGB (Red Green Blue), ABI and HCI  (Hue Chromacity Intensity)
'''Selection Subspace''' options are: RGB (Red Green Blue), ABI and HCI  (Hue Chromacity Intensity)


These different options yield different results. While RGB should yield the sharpest and best results, sometimes (as [https://userbase.kde.org/User:TheMickyRosen-Left I] have seen from experience) the other option, HCI & ABI, can yield much better results then RGB. So if RGB isn't producing good results then try on of the other options. Note:'''Previews of video chroma keyed using HCI will be slow''' since it has to calculate values for every single pixel.
<!--T:34-->
 
These different options yield different results. While RGB should yield the sharpest and best results, sometimes (as [[User:TheMickyRosen-Left|I]] have seen from experience) the other option, HCI & ABI, can yield much better results than RGB. So if RGB isn't producing good results then try on of the other options.
<!--T:16-->
Here is the same thing specified in confusing computerspeak:
 
Specifies in which of the three color spaces (RGB, ABI, HCI) the delta controls will work. Both ABI and HCI are separated luma/chroma. HCI is a cylindrical "Hue Chromacity Intensity" space, and ABI is a cartesian version thereof. Both suffer from chroma subsampling, and will give less sharp results than RGB. Note:HCI is slow, because it has to calculate atan2() and hypot() for each pixel.
 
<!--T:6-->
'''Subspace Shape''' options are: Box, Ellipsoid, Diamond


<!--T:21-->
<!--T:39-->
Determines the shape of the color subspace. Options are: box, ellipsoid or diamond. Box is the biggest of them (by volume) and diamond the smallest. Imagine an octahedron inscribed inside an ellipsoid, which is in turn inscribed in a box. The tips of the diamond touch the ellipsoid, and the box, at the center of the sides of the box.
{{Note|'''Previews of video chroma keyed using HCI will be slow''' since it has to calculate values for every single pixel.}}


<!--T:7-->
<!--T:7-->
'''Edge Mode''' Options are: Hard, Fat, Normal, Skinny, Slope
'''Edge Mode''' Options are: Hard, Fat, Normal, Skinny, Slope
<!--T:37-->
If the Edge Mode is set to slope, you can use the "slope" slider. This slider determines the smoothness of the edges. The higher the value, the smoother the edges of your color selection will be.


<!--T:22-->
<!--T:22-->
"Hard" there is no feathuring. Any part of the image/video is either fully opaque and fully transparent. This means there will be no blue between the removed parts and the remaining parts whatsoever, and this option is useful if your chroma key turned out to be perfect.
"Hard" means there is no featuring (edges are not smooth at all). Any part of the image/video is either fully opaque and fully transparent. This means there will be no blue between the removed parts and the remaining parts whatsoever, and this option is useful if your chroma key turned out to be perfect.


<!--T:23-->
<!--T:23-->
The remaining options ("Fat", "Normal" and "Skinny") create a gradual transition between transparent and opaque. The fatter the choice, the more the selected areas are filled towards the rim (AKA more feathuring for fatter choices). This is useful if your colour selection did not turn out that well.
The remaining options ("Fat", "Normal" and "Skinny") create a gradual transition between transparent and opaque. The fatter the choice, the more the selected areas are filled towards the rim (AKA more featuring for fatter choices). This is useful if your color selection did not turn out that well.
 
<!--T:8-->
'''Operation''' options are: Write On Clear, Max, Min, Add and Subtract. This defines how to deal with an existing alpha channel in the clip. See [[Kdenlive/Manual/Effects/Alpha_manipulation/Alpha_shapes#Operations|Alpha Shapes]] for the meanings of these operations.
 
<!--T:24-->
The "min", "max", "add" and "subtract" options allow cascading of select0r plugins (or combination with other alpha-writting plugins). These options combine the current selection with the pre-existing alpha of the source material. This way complex selections can be built.


<!--T:25-->
<!--T:25-->
'''Delta XXXX:'''
'''Delta XXXX:'''
These three parameters determine the size of the color subspace along each axis. Bigger value means bigger tolerance on that axis.
These three parameters determine the tolerance of the chroma keying. The higher the value, the more of the background is removed. The lower the value, less is removed. A bit of experimenting is required to find the correct values for each clip.
 
<!--T:26-->
For example, setting a high I delta (in ABI and HCI), will allow the selection of a specific color in both light and shadows, but will also discard most of the high-bandwidth luma signal, making the selection less spatially accurate.
 
<!--T:27-->
'''Slope:'''
When "Edge mode" is set to "Slope", this parameter sets the gradualness of the transition between opaque and transparent


===== See Also ===== <!--T:9-->
===== See Also ===== <!--T:9-->
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This  [http://www.worqx.com/color/index.htm page] covers some Color Theory to help understand Hue, Chroma, Luminance etc.
This  [http://www.worqx.com/color/index.htm page] covers some Color Theory to help understand Hue, Chroma, Luminance, etc.


<!--T:12-->
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Latest revision as of 06:14, 3 August 2019

Other languages:

Chroma-Key

The Chroma-Key is a more advanced version of the Chroma Key effect. Chroma-Key allows for some basic feathering (by changing the Edge Mode) and much more fine-grained control over how much & in which way you remove the background.

This is better for backgrounds that have less contrast with the foreground, or more complex backgrounds. For simple backgrounds (such as green, blue, red or possibly black), use the Chroma Key effect.

Basic Technique

Find a clip with a background (preferably multiple, or slightly complex, because the "chroma key effect" can do easy backgrounds such as green or blue). Add the Chroma-Key effect to the clip.

After this, either chose the color using the little droplet button. Click on the droplet button, and then click on the background part of the clip you want to remove. Adjust the Delta sliders until the background is removed correctly. This might need to experimenting. If you find it isn't removing the background well, try changing the "selection subspace" and experiment again. If you experimented and cycled through all the "selection subspaces", and the background isn't still removed properly, then it is probably too complicated for Kdenlive to remove. At this point, you will need to use Rotoscoping.

If the effect took lots of time to experiment, and you will need to use this effect again, then click on the three horizontal lines in the top right corner, and then click Save effect. Give the effect a name, and save. You can now search for this specific effect in your effects tab.

All Options

Here is an outline of all the options:

Color to select: the color to select. This is the color that will be transparent/the only color that is opaque.

Invert selection: When ON (default), the selected color will be transparent. When OFF the selected color will be opaque. Keeping the selected color opaque may be more effective if the foreground is simple and the background is complicated

Selection Subspace options are: RGB (Red Green Blue), ABI and HCI (Hue Chromacity Intensity)

These different options yield different results. While RGB should yield the sharpest and best results, sometimes (as I have seen from experience) the other option, HCI & ABI, can yield much better results than RGB. So if RGB isn't producing good results then try on of the other options.

Note
Previews of video chroma keyed using HCI will be slow since it has to calculate values for every single pixel.


Edge Mode Options are: Hard, Fat, Normal, Skinny, Slope

If the Edge Mode is set to slope, you can use the "slope" slider. This slider determines the smoothness of the edges. The higher the value, the smoother the edges of your color selection will be.

"Hard" means there is no featuring (edges are not smooth at all). Any part of the image/video is either fully opaque and fully transparent. This means there will be no blue between the removed parts and the remaining parts whatsoever, and this option is useful if your chroma key turned out to be perfect.

The remaining options ("Fat", "Normal" and "Skinny") create a gradual transition between transparent and opaque. The fatter the choice, the more the selected areas are filled towards the rim (AKA more featuring for fatter choices). This is useful if your color selection did not turn out that well.

Delta XXXX: These three parameters determine the tolerance of the chroma keying. The higher the value, the more of the background is removed. The lower the value, less is removed. A bit of experimenting is required to find the correct values for each clip.

See Also

See also Blue Screen which does color based alpha selection but is a bit simpler.

This page covers some Color Theory to help understand Hue, Chroma, Luminance, etc.

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