KWin/zh-tw: Difference between revisions

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用如下命令  
用如下命令  


{{Input|1=kstart --desktop 4 kate}}
{{Input|1=kstart5 --desktop 4 kate}}
<span id="Using with small screens (eg Netbooks)"></span>
<span id="Using with small screens (eg Netbooks)"></span>
==小尺寸屏幕下的使用(比如上網本)==
==小尺寸屏幕下的使用(比如上網本)==
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[[Special:myLanguage/KWin Rules|KWin 規則]] 介紹了如何定制視窗規則。
[[Special:myLanguage/KWin Rules|KWin 規則]] 介紹了如何定制視窗規則。
== More Information ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KWin Wikipedia]
* [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Window_manager Window manager] (Arch Linux Wiki)
* [[Special:myLanguage/Tutorials/Using Other Window Managers with Plasma|Using Other Window Managers with Plasma]]


[[Category:桌面/zh-tw]]
[[Category:桌面/zh-tw]]

Revision as of 14:10, 20 April 2019

KDE 4.5 空桌面
KDE Plasma 桌面可靠又靈活的視窗管理員,現在支援 3D 特效!

特性預覽

  • 穩定和可靠
  • 混合的 3D 效果
  • 容易設定
  • 改進的效率

KWin (pronounced "kwin" in one word) is the window manager for the KDE Plasma Desktop. It gives you complete control over your windows, making sure they're not in the way but aid you in your task. It paints the window decoration, the bar on top of every window with (configurable) buttons like close, maximize and minimize. It also handles placing of windows and switching between them.

KWin 支援混成特性(compositing), 意味著能夠使用 3D 效果來處理你的視窗。這使得視窗管理更平滑,更容易,更有效和更自然。它的硬體要求非常的適當,幾乎每個相當於2002年之後的現代系統都支援它。與某些硬體還存在一些問題,要了解更多資訊,請點擊techbase

實用功能

右擊視窗裝飾(就是標題列)或開啟 系統設定 存取 KWin 新的更容易的設定。在這你可以啟用特效以便更有效的管理你的視窗。比如你能用視窗輪轉(Present Windows)作為"視窗切換"的特效。不同於顯示圖示或是小的程式預覽縮圖,他安排整理執行中的視窗在同一個網格內,然後你能快速的選擇你要的那個視窗。只要使用 Alt-Tab快捷鍵組合,保持ALT按鍵一直按住。現在你能用 Alt按鍵遍歷選擇視窗或用滑鼠; 啟動相應的視窗。快速的擊打 Alt-Tab按鍵會顯示佇列中下一個視窗,就如以前一樣。

If your X server already supports compositing, switching it on is as easy as opening System Settings, opening the Worskpace Appearance and Behaviour module, choosing Desktop Effects and enabling the checkbox Enable desktop effects at startup. More advanced compositing settings (such as Use VSync, Scale method, Compositing type) are available through the Advanced dialog. Customising the behaviour of the KWin effects means opening the All effects tab, and choosing the plugins you want to use. Please note that only a subset of the plugins works with XRender-based compositing. For the full experience, you need to use OpenGL mode.

使用物理學動力,KWin 給視窗提供了更自然的感覺。新的桌面特效像是立方體桌面切換和魔燈最小化動畫都已經有添加。現有特效的改進使得視窗管理員相比以前更順暢。KWin在效能上有很多改進以使得在低配置硬體上能夠開啟那些特效。精細的檢查確保低配置硬體的使用者不會面對一套無法使用的配置方案。KWin檢查硬體的效能如果需要會適當的調低效果。你可以選擇自己控制,禁用那些功能檢查或修改設定像是調整全域動畫速度到自己喜歡的。當你電腦在高負載時,KWin 會臨時自動取消混成特性保證其他任務執行流暢。如果取消特效了他會通知你,你能按住Shift+Alt+F12重新啟用混成特性。最後,對多螢幕處理的支援已經由使用新的Kephal 函式庫在KWin中得到改進。你可以在Xinerama螢幕之間移動最大化的視窗,額外的外部螢幕都會正確處理。

More information about what was introduced in KDE SC 4.9 can be found at the following link:

教學

你想要一個程式每次都以特定的大小,在特定的螢幕位置啟動

Size and Position

有時候一個程式的螢幕位置都對你的舒適至關重要,使用 KWin 的靈活性確保他總是出現在你期望的地方。

Position the window where you want it to open, then right-click on the title-bar, choosing Advanced -> Special Window Settings. This will open a settings window, with appropriate entries already made. All you need to do now is select the Size & Position tab and check Position and Size. OK - you are finished!

從命令列用指令碼控制視窗管理員

使用這個WMIface工具。

自定義標題欄按鈕位置

定制按鈕

Take a look at System Settings -> Application Style -> Window Decorations -> Buttons tab. The options open to you may depend on your distribution or theme, and it's clear that there is more to come.


To simply move things around you work with the specimen titlebar - that is the dark blue bar with a large KDE on it. Drag icons there and you will see them move in the preview window at the bottom of the screen.

你可能會找到其他可用的圖示。圓圈指的是設定視窗到所有桌面的按鈕。另一個你能找到的有用圖示是陰影 - 在捲起(只有標題列可見)和正常檢視間切換。直接拖動文字描述框內的圖示到標題列模板(the speciman titlebar)就成 - 隨你喜歡放哪

如果你更喜歡傳統KDE3類型的桌面

切換到傳統桌面

Right-click on your desktop - select Desktop Settings (or Appearance Settings, in some distros). Change the Layout: from Desktop to Folder View. The whole desktop is now a folderview, and another right-click on the desktop will allow you to select FolderView Settings. Set the folderview to the directory you want to use as your desktop.

直接在不同的桌面開啟程式

用如下命令

kstart5 --desktop 4 kate

小尺寸屏幕下的使用(比如上網本)

視窗裝飾更小

Breeze, Plastik, and Oxygen Styles

System Settings -> Application Style -> Window Decorations tab. Two good options there:

Configure Breeze Style
  • Using the default style (Breeze), select Configure Decoration and set Button size to Tiny or Small.
  • Using an other style, with smaller windows decorations.

2條路都能獲得實用的細窗口標題欄和邊框。

修改基礎字體大小

On many netbooks the screen is very clear, so that reading fonts much smaller than you expect is feasible. On Acer Aspire One I find that 8 point is a good base settings.

Firefox 採用更小的字型

調整 about:config 並沒帶來滿意的結果。那這樣做。下載安裝gtk-chtheme。使用那個工具,你能設定特定的字型大小,或更好的是,告訴他使用你的KDE字型設定。對包括 Firefox 在內的所有你用的gtk 程式都有用。

KMail 的聚合(Aggregation)選項占了太多空間

閱讀 這份 FAQ 來修改。

KMail 文件夾列表(Folder-List)的工具提示隱藏了太多文件夾名稱

閱讀 這份 FAQ 來修改它們的行為。

畫廊

畫廊 展示多種過去和當前的桌面、特效截圖。

圖形顯示故障

顯示問題基本上都是顯卡驅動引起的,請查閱 桌面特效效能

定義視窗規則

KWin 規則 介紹了如何定制視窗規則。

More Information