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This page sets out to provide a non-technical reference, together with links for further information or demonstration | This page sets out to provide a non-technical reference, together with links for further information or demonstration. | ||
==A General Overview== | ==A General Overview== | ||
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.0/desktop.php A KDE 4.0 Visual Guide:] and a [http://media.ereslibre.es/2008/06/kde41.ogg 4.1 screencast] give an excellent overview of KDE 4. | [http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.0/desktop.php A KDE 4.0 Visual Guide:] and a [http://media.ereslibre.es/2008/06/kde41.ogg 4.1 screencast] give an excellent overview of KDE 4 in the early days. | ||
The following glossary is intended to help you find your way through the mists of new names and new concepts. In some cases you can find a link from a KDE 3 component to its equivalent in KDE 4. | The following glossary is intended to help you find your way through the mists of new names and new concepts. In some cases you can find a link from a KDE 3 component to its equivalent in the context of KDE 4 software. | ||
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:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
::[http://pim.kde.org/akonadi/ Akonadi | ::[http://pim.kde.org/akonadi/ Akonadi for KDE's PIM] | ||
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akonadi Wikipedia - Akonadi] | ::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akonadi Wikipedia - Akonadi] | ||
::[http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/PIM/Akonadi Techbase - Akonadi] | ::[http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/PIM/Akonadi Techbase - Akonadi] | ||
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;<span id="aRts">'''aRts'''</span> | ;<span id="aRts">'''aRts'''</span> | ||
:The sound framework in KDE 2 and 3. Its single-tasking nature caused problems when two sources of sound were encountered. In | :The sound framework in KDE 2 and 3. Its single-tasking nature caused problems when two sources of sound were encountered. In the Plasma desktop it is replaced by [[#Phonon|Phonon]] | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="Extender">'''Extender'''</span> | ;<span id="Extender">'''Extender'''</span> | ||
:Extenders are a special kind of popup that can grow out of a [[#Plasma|Plasma]] panel for example. Extenders have detachable parts. Extenders are a new concept that | :Extenders are a special kind of popup that can grow out of a [[#Plasma|Plasma]] panel for example. Extenders have detachable parts. Extenders are a new concept that arrived in Plasma for KDE 4.2. The Kuiserver (the interface that collects all long running jobs and puts them into one window) will make use of extenders so you can detach various jobs and monitor their progress separately. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="Get Hot New Stuff">'''Get Hot New Stuff'''</span> | ;<span id="Get Hot New Stuff">'''Get Hot New Stuff'''</span> | ||
:Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS) is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. | :Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS) is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. KDE's implementation of GHNS is used by Plasma (for example to get new desktop themes), and by many applications and widgets. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="KHTML">'''KHTML'''</span> | ;<span id="KHTML">'''KHTML'''</span> | ||
:KHTML is the HTML rendering engine for the KDE desktop, as used by | :KHTML is the HTML rendering engine for the KDE Plasma desktop, as used by the Konqueror browser. It also provides a KPart that enables all KDE applications to display web content. A new introduction, Qt WebKit is also for Plasma and other application development. | ||
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;<span id="Kickoff">'''Kickoff'''</span> | ;<span id="Kickoff">'''Kickoff'''</span> | ||
:In KDE 4 (and some late versions of KDE 3), a launch menu in which apps are sorted by functional group. 'Favorites' replaces the 'Most used applications' in Classic Menu, and applications can be added to it. Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel. Rapid access to a less-used application can be by the search box. Other menus are being worked on, since KDE 4 can be used with more than one launcher, should that be required. | :In KDE SC 4 (and some late versions of KDE 3), a launch menu in which apps are sorted by functional group. 'Favorites' replaces the 'Most used applications' in Classic Menu, and applications can be added to it. Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel. Rapid access to a less-used application can be by the search box. Other menus are being worked on, since KDE 4 can be used with more than one launcher, should that be required. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="KInfoCenter">'''KInfoCenter'''</span> | ;<span id="KInfoCenter">'''KInfoCenter'''</span> | ||
:Kinfocenter originated as part of [[#Kcontrol|Kcontrol]] standing alone from KDE 3.1. In KDE 4 it is replaced by modules configured in [[#System Settings|System Settings]], notably [[#Solid|Solid]] | :Kinfocenter originated as part of [[#Kcontrol|Kcontrol]] standing alone from KDE 3.1. In KDE SC 4 it is replaced by modules configured in [[#System Settings|System Settings]], notably [[#Solid|Solid]] | ||
:More Info: | :More Info: | ||
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;<span id="Kiosk">'''Kiosk'''</span> | ;<span id="Kiosk">'''Kiosk'''</span> | ||
:Kiosk is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a KDE system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés. Currently available in KDE 3 only. | :Kiosk is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a KDE system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés. Currently it is available in KDE 3 only. | ||
;<span id="KPart">'''KPart'''</span> | ;<span id="KPart">'''KPart'''</span> | ||
:A KPart is an individual component of the KDE desktop | :A KPart is an individual component of the KDE Plasma desktop and allows applications to share their services with other applications. KParts allow KMail and KOrganizer to integrate (as plugins) into the Kontact suite, or [[#KHTML|KHTML]] to display sites in Akregator. | ||
;<span id="Kross">'''Kross'''</span> | ;<span id="Kross">'''Kross'''</span> | ||
: Kross is a scripting framework, enabling | : Kross is a scripting framework, enabling support for multiple scripting languages. A plugin system allows for the support of further languages in the future. | ||
;<span id="KRunner">'''KRunner'''</span> | ;<span id="KRunner">'''KRunner'''</span> | ||
:the mini-command-line that is accessed from the | :the mini-command-line that is accessed from the Classic menu, the keyboard shortcut Alt+F2, or a right-click on the desktop. In KDE SC 4 a partial name will display all possible matches | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="KSVG">'''KSVG'''</span> | ;<span id="KSVG">'''KSVG'''</span> | ||
: KSVG enables support for scalable vector graphics in a [[#KHTML|KHTML]] browser. KSVG2 extends this for KDE 4. | : KSVG enables support for scalable vector graphics in a [[#KHTML|KHTML]] browser. KSVG2 extends this for KDE SC 4. | ||
;<span id="KWin">'''KWin'''</span> | ;<span id="KWin">'''KWin'''</span> | ||
:KWin is the window manager. This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied. | :KWin is the window manager. This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied. KDE SC 4 extends KWin to provide support for 3D Compositing effects on the desktop. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="Panel">'''Panel'''</span> | ;<span id="Panel">'''Panel'''</span> | ||
:See [[#Kicker|Kicker]]. In | :See [[#Kicker|Kicker]]. In KDE SC 4 the name 'kicker' is dropped, and the name 'panel' is the norm. 'Applets' are largely replaced by [[#Widgets|Widgets]] | ||
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;<span id="Plasma">'''Plasma'''</span> | ;<span id="Plasma">'''Plasma'''</span> | ||
:In KDE 4 Plasma replaces KDesktop, kicker and the superkaramba widget engine. The applets are called Plasmoids, and range from informational widgets to mini-apps such as a calculator or dictionary. | :In KDE SC 4 the Plasma Desktop replaces KDesktop, kicker and the superkaramba widget engine. The applets are called Plasmoids, and range from informational widgets to mini-apps such as a calculator or dictionary. Widgets from other sources, such as SuperKaramba widgets or Google Gadgets are also supported. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="Qt">'''Qt'''</span> | ;<span id="Qt">'''Qt'''</span> | ||
:(Pronounced 'cute') A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as Opera browser, GoogleEarth and Skype. Qt is developed by Trolltech, who are now part of the Nokia. Qt forms the underlying library KDE is built on. | :(Pronounced 'cute') A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as Opera browser, GoogleEarth and Skype. Qt is developed by Trolltech, who are now part of the Nokia company. Qt forms the underlying library KDE software is built on. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(toolkit) The Qt Toolkit] | ::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(toolkit) The Qt Toolkit] | ||
::[http://trolltech.com/products/qt/learnmore/demo Qt Demo Videos] | ::[http://trolltech.com/products/qt/learnmore/demo Qt Demo Videos] | ||
;<span id="Solid">'''Solid'''</span> | ;<span id="Solid">'''Solid'''</span> | ||
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;<span id="Sonnet">'''Sonnet'''</span> | ;<span id="Sonnet">'''Sonnet'''</span> | ||
:Sonnet is a multilingual spell-checker planned for KDE 4. One of its strengths is the ability to recognise the language in use and call up the appropriate dictionary. | :Sonnet is a multilingual spell-checker planned for KDE SC 4. One of its strengths is the ability to recognise the language in use and call up the appropriate dictionary. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="System Settings">'''System Settings'''</span> | ;<span id="System Settings">'''System Settings'''</span> | ||
:KDE 4's replacement for [[#KControl|KControl]] (Control Center) providing modular control over the KDE system. | :KDE SC 4's replacement for [[#KControl|KControl]] (Control Center) providing modular control over the KDE system. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
::[http://www.lazytechguy.com/2008/01/kde4-system-settings.html | ::[http://www.lazytechguy.com/2008/01/kde4-system-settings.html KDE SC 4 System Settings illustrated] | ||
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;<span id="WebKit">'''WebKit'''</span> | ;<span id="WebKit">'''WebKit'''</span> | ||
:HTML rendering engine, originating from a fork of [[#KHTML|KHTML]]. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari. Webkit brings the whole functionality back to KDE 4, where it is available through Qt. | :HTML rendering engine, originating from a fork of [[#KHTML|KHTML]]. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari. Webkit brings the whole functionality back to KDE SC 4, where it is available through Qt. | ||
:''More info'': | :''More info'': | ||
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;<span id="Widget">'''Widget'''</span> | ;<span id="Widget">'''Widget'''</span> | ||
:Collins English Dictionary: "Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten." In KDE terms, a widget is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are "applet" or "gadget". Superkaramba Themes, Apple's Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well). | :Collins English Dictionary: "Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten." In KDE software terms, a widget is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are "applet" or "gadget". Superkaramba Themes, Apple's Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well). | ||
;<span id="X-Server">'''X-Server'''</span> | ;<span id="X-Server">'''X-Server'''</span> | ||
:The X-Server represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like KDE are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives. | :The X-Server represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like the KDE Plasma desktop are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives. | ||
Revision as of 19:19, 9 December 2009
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Home >> Introduction >> Glossary
This page sets out to provide a non-technical reference, together with links for further information or demonstration.
A General Overview
A KDE 4.0 Visual Guide: and a 4.1 screencast give an excellent overview of KDE 4 in the early days.
The following glossary is intended to help you find your way through the mists of new names and new concepts. In some cases you can find a link from a KDE 3 component to its equivalent in the context of KDE 4 software.
- Activities
- Activities are sets of Plasma widgets that have their own wallpaper. A bit like Virtual Desktops, but not quite.
- For example you have a "work activity" with commit rss feeds, a note with your TODO, a Folder View with your work related files, and a subtle wallpaper.
- Next to it, you have your freetime activity, with previews of family photos and dogs, rss feeds from your favourite blogs, a Folder View showing your movie collection, a twitter applet and of course that Iron Maiden wallpaper you have been loving since the early 80s.
- At 1700 hours sharp you switch from the work activity to your freetime activity.
- More info:
- Akonadi
- The data storage access mechanism for all PIM (Personal Information Manager) data in KDE 4. One single storage and retrieval system allows efficiency and extensibiliy not possible under KDE3, where each PIM component had its own system. Note that use of Akonadi does not change data storage formats (vcard, iCalendar, mbox, maildir etc.) - it just provides a new way of accessing and updating the data.
- aRts
- The sound framework in KDE 2 and 3. Its single-tasking nature caused problems when two sources of sound were encountered. In the Plasma desktop it is replaced by Phonon
- More info:
- Containment
- A Containment is a top level grouping of widgets. Each Containment manages the layout and configuration data of its set of widgets independently from other Containments.
- The end result is that you can group widgets within a Containment according to the significance to your working pattern, rather than by directory grouping.
- D-Bus
- An inter-service messaging system. Developed by RedHat, it was heavily influenced by KDE's DCOP, which it supercedes.
- More info:
- Decibel
- Using D-Bus, Decibel is the framework to manage all communication protocols including IM, email and VOIP through a unified system. Decibel is expected to be fully functional by KDE 4.2.
- More info:
- Dolphin
- The default file manager in KDE4. It has a side panel, but navigation is mainly by the 'breadcrumb' trail above the main window. Split windows are possible, and views can be applied to individual windows. Mounting and umounting USB devices can be done in the side-panel.
- More info:
- Extender
- Extenders are a special kind of popup that can grow out of a Plasma panel for example. Extenders have detachable parts. Extenders are a new concept that arrived in Plasma for KDE 4.2. The Kuiserver (the interface that collects all long running jobs and puts them into one window) will make use of extenders so you can detach various jobs and monitor their progress separately.
- More info:
- Flake
- Flake is a programming library to be used in KOffice2. Functionally, it provides Shapes to display content and Tools to manipulate content. Shapes can be zoomed or rotated and can be grouped towork as a single Shape, around which text flow is possible.
- More info:
- Get Hot New Stuff
- Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS) is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. KDE's implementation of GHNS is used by Plasma (for example to get new desktop themes), and by many applications and widgets.
- More info:
- Home_Directory
- That's the place in system, where all your files are kept. You can write your files outside of this folder, but all applications are configured to propose this folder as place to write your files to. And this is easier, when you are keeping your things here.
- More info:
- KControl
- KDE Control Center, for setting global preferences in KDE3. Replaced by KDE4's System Settings interface.
- KDOM
- A KPart module making KHTML DOM (Document Object Model) rendering capabilities available to all applications. KSVG2 is built on KDOM for KDE 4.
- KHTML
- KHTML is the HTML rendering engine for the KDE Plasma desktop, as used by the Konqueror browser. It also provides a KPart that enables all KDE applications to display web content. A new introduction, Qt WebKit is also for Plasma and other application development.
- Kicker
- In KDE 3, the relocatable bar, usually at the bottom of the screen (sometimes called the Panel), on which application launchers, the Pager, and buttons for running applications reside. See Panel
- Kickoff
- In KDE SC 4 (and some late versions of KDE 3), a launch menu in which apps are sorted by functional group. 'Favorites' replaces the 'Most used applications' in Classic Menu, and applications can be added to it. Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel. Rapid access to a less-used application can be by the search box. Other menus are being worked on, since KDE 4 can be used with more than one launcher, should that be required.
- More info:
- KJS
- KDE's JavaScript engine.
- KInfoCenter
- Kinfocenter originated as part of Kcontrol standing alone from KDE 3.1. In KDE SC 4 it is replaced by modules configured in System Settings, notably Solid
- More Info:
- KIO
- KDE Input/Output framework provides a single API for operating on files, whether local or on aremote server. Additionally, KIO Slaves provide support for individual protocols. Some particularly useful ones are http, ftp, sftp, smb, nfs, ssh (fish), man, tar and zip.
- Kiosk
- Kiosk is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a KDE system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés. Currently it is available in KDE 3 only.
- KPart
- A KPart is an individual component of the KDE Plasma desktop and allows applications to share their services with other applications. KParts allow KMail and KOrganizer to integrate (as plugins) into the Kontact suite, or KHTML to display sites in Akregator.
- Kross
- Kross is a scripting framework, enabling support for multiple scripting languages. A plugin system allows for the support of further languages in the future.
- KRunner
- the mini-command-line that is accessed from the Classic menu, the keyboard shortcut Alt+F2, or a right-click on the desktop. In KDE SC 4 a partial name will display all possible matches
- More info:
- KSVG
- KSVG enables support for scalable vector graphics in a KHTML browser. KSVG2 extends this for KDE SC 4.
- KWin
- KWin is the window manager. This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied. KDE SC 4 extends KWin to provide support for 3D Compositing effects on the desktop.
- More info:
- Mini-CLI
- See KRunner
- Nepomuk
- 'Networked Environment for Personalized, Ontology-based Management of Unified Knowledge', Nepomuk aims to remove artificial barriers between information to allow dynamic classification, organisation and presentation of data to the user. Whether downloaded from the internet, received in an email or scribbled in a note, information is globally searchable and tagged with intelligent data. See The Semantic Desktop for further discussion of this concept.
- More info:
- Oxygen
- Oxygen is the default theme of KDE4. Designed to bring 'a breath of fresh air' to the desktop by removing the simplistic, cartoonish icons, and replacing them with a clean theme and photo-realistic icons. Oxygen uses a desaturated palette to avoid the icons becoming a distraction and uses detailed scalable graphics (SVG).
- More info:
- Pager
- A pager is a small program or panel applet which shows the position of windows on your desktop and usually if you have several Virtual Desktops gives an overview over all.
- Panel
- See Kicker. In KDE SC 4 the name 'kicker' is dropped, and the name 'panel' is the norm. 'Applets' are largely replaced by Widgets
- Phonon
- A cross-platform multimedia API, interfacing with existing frameworks, such as gstreamer and xine engines. KDE 2 and 3 depended on aRts for sound. Phonon replaces it.
- More info:
- Plasma
- In KDE SC 4 the Plasma Desktop replaces KDesktop, kicker and the superkaramba widget engine. The applets are called Plasmoids, and range from informational widgets to mini-apps such as a calculator or dictionary. Widgets from other sources, such as SuperKaramba widgets or Google Gadgets are also supported.
- More info:
- Qt
- (Pronounced 'cute') A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as Opera browser, GoogleEarth and Skype. Qt is developed by Trolltech, who are now part of the Nokia company. Qt forms the underlying library KDE software is built on.
- More info:
- Solid
- Solid provides a single API for hardware management. Hardware is grouped into 'domains'. The initial domains relate to HAL, NetworkManager and the Bluetooth stack.Since the backends for Solid are pluggable, Solid helps application developers write less code, and have it platform independent.
- Sonnet
- Sonnet is a multilingual spell-checker planned for KDE SC 4. One of its strengths is the ability to recognise the language in use and call up the appropriate dictionary.
- Soprano
- Soprano is a sub-project of |Nepomuk, providing a repository for gathered information such as tags, ratings, etc.. This makes the information available to Strigi
- Strigi
- A deep-indexed search daemon, Strigi aims to be fast and light-weight. It also uses SHA-1 hash which will help in the identification of duplicate files.
- System Settings
- KDE SC 4's replacement for KControl (Control Center) providing modular control over the KDE system.
- More info:
- Threadweaver
- This thread programming library spreads work among multiple-core processors where available, prioritising them before queueing them for execution. ThreadWeaver provides a high-level job interface for multithreaded programming.
- More info:
- Virtual Desktops
- A popular concept of Unix based window managers is the one of virtual desktops. This means you have not only one screen where you can place your windows on but several. When you switch to a different desktop (usually with a pager) you will only see the windows which you started on your newdesktop or moved to it. A window can also be made "sticky" which means it appears on all virtual desktops.
- WebKit
- HTML rendering engine, originating from a fork of KHTML. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari. Webkit brings the whole functionality back to KDE SC 4, where it is available through Qt.
- More info:
- Widget
- Collins English Dictionary: "Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten." In KDE software terms, a widget is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are "applet" or "gadget". Superkaramba Themes, Apple's Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well).
- X-Server
- The X-Server represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like the KDE Plasma desktop are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives.
- XMLGUI
- A programmers' framework for designing the user interface. It is extensively used by KParts
- More info:
- ZUI
- The Zooming User Interface. "By zooming out, users can get an overview of all the object groupings that they have made. These groupings may reflect the projects they are working on, be ways to keep different sets of files organized, etc. By hovering or clicking on one of these groups when zoomed out, users can either get a preview/snapshot of what is in the grouping, or zoom in on that grouping so that it is displayed full size on the physical screen." aseigo.
- More info:
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