Lydproblemer

Hvordan virker lyden

For at forstå, hvordan KDE håndterer lyd må du først forstå, hvordan Linux håndterer lyd (dette afsnit forudsætter, at du kører KDE på Linux). Der er to typer lydsystemer, som kører på Linux: ALSA and OSS. Begge har deres egne drivere til lydkort. ALSA kører kun på Linux, OSS kører på mange Unix-lignende systemer. ALSA lader adskillige applikationer få adgang til lydkortet på samme tid; det gør OSS ikke. OSS tilbyder et "device" til lydafspilning. Dette "device" kan kun bruges af en applikation ad gangen. For at mindske forvirringen, så emulerer ALSA OSS og tilbyder også et "device" til at tilgå lydkortet. Både ALSA og OSS kalder sædvanligvis dette "device" for /dev/dsp. I nogle distributioner udgør PulseAudio endnu et lag oven over disse. Dets opgave er at håndtere flere strømme, sådan at du for eksempel kan kan modtage beskednotifikationer samtidig med at du lytter til musik.

Sædvanlige problemer er

• Du kan ikke afspille lyd, fordi du bruger en applikation, som prøver at tilgå lydkortet gennem /dev/dsp, med dette "device" bruges allerede af en anden applikation.
• Du kan ikke få mikseren KMix til at indstille lydstyrken for en applikation, der bruger /dev/dsp.
• Forskellige applikationer afspiller lyd gennem forskellige "devices".

Løsninger: Der er ingen magisk løsnng på alle lydproblemer. Løsningen afhænger af, hvilken applikation du vil afspille lyd igennem. For eksempel kan du bruge MPlayer med både ALSA og OSS. Se MPlayers dokumentation for mere information ved at kalde

mplayer -ao help

Here are some specific issues that you may meet.

KDE 4 uses the wrong sound device.

That is not an error, but a configuration issue. To tell KDE 4 which soundcard to use (or prefer if available), open System Settings and go to Multimedia in the General tab.

Devices from /etc/asound.conf or ~/.asoundrc are not listed.

Phonon uses a function introduced in ALSA 1.0.14 to find those devices. To make this function list your entry you need to add a name hint. E.g.

hint {
     show on
     description "Name to display for the device"
 }

Here is a complete example that adds a new volume control named Phonon to your mixer:

pcm.softvolPhonon {
     type softvol
     slave.pcm "default:CARD=0"
     control {
         name "Phonon"
         card 0
     }
     min_dB -51.0
     max_dB 0.0
     resolution 100
     hint {
         show on
         description "My Soundcard with extra Volume Control"
     }
 }

After an update, PulseAudio gives you very low volume

PulseAudio has a 'normaliser' function which can cause this. To turn it off, set flat-volumes = no in /etc/pulse/daemon.conf

You are using KDE 3 and you keep losing sound. Sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn't.

KDE 3.x uses the aRts sound system. In earlier versions there were a number of problems, but in recent years the only problem remaining seems to be that aRts hangs on to the sound system when it has finished with it. To cure this, use kcontrol -> Sound & Multimedia. Towards the bottom of the General tab there is a setting for Auto-suspend if idle after: Set this to 1 second.

You have multimedia keys but KDE doesn't recognise them

This link has a clear description of what one user did to make his Volume-up and Volume-down keys work.

You tried all of the above but it still doesn't work (Ubuntu variants only)

Try replacing your sound card. If you still don't hear sound, check out this Ubuntu Community page