Plasma/Krunner

KRunner è l'avviatore integrato nel desktop Plasma. Sebbene la sua funzione di base sia avviare i programmi da una specie di mini linea di comando, le sue funzioni possono essere estese tramite "esecutori" che aiutano l'utente a compiere un gran numero di attività.

Nota

Potresti dover installare alcuni pacchetti aggiuntivi di KRunner a seconda della tua distribuzione per utilizzare alcune delle funzionalità qui elencate.

Funzioni

Questo elenco assolutamente incompleto cerca di presentare alcuni esempi d'uso di base di KRunner. Scopri il resto facendo clic sull'icona '?' in KRunner.

Avviare e fermare le applicazioni

(builtin plugin: Applications)

Puoi avviare i programmi semplicemente digitando il nome dell'applicazione che vuoi avviare. Devi digitare almeno tre lettere per avviare la ricerca delle corrispondenze. I risultati verranno ricercati tra le applicazioni presenti nel menu.

You may type a single character and KRunner will start finding matches. Matches will be found to applications from your easily customizable applications menu (for that, right-click in menu).

Esempi:

Digita	per
gwe	(avviare Gwenview)

Puoi utilizzare KRunner anche per terminare le applicazioni. Digita la parola chiave termina seguita dal nome di un processo e KRunner fornirà le opzioni per chiudere l'applicazione (SIGTERM) o terminarla forzatamente (SIGKILL). KRunner mostrerà le corrispondenze tra il nome parziale del processo (almeno tre lettere) e i processi in esecuzione.

Nota che la parola chiave termina può essere modificata nell'esecutore "Termina applicazioni" per evitare confusione (in inglese la parola chiave è kill) con il comando kill della shell che accetta gli ID dei processi.

Direct installation

(builtin plugin: Software Center)

In case that you look for an application that has not been installed yet, KRunner will suggest a set of applications that match your search. In specific, since KRunner has been integrated with Plasma Software Center, Discover, will present you a list of applications, enabling you to proceed to direct installation.

Eseguire comandi (della shell)

(builtin plugin: Command Line)

Oltre alle applicazioni elencate nel menu delle applicazioni, KRunner può anche essere utilizzato per eseguire comandi della shell, compreso l'avvio di eseguibili binari. Nota che durante l'inserimento di comandi della shell KRunner non accetterà comandi parziali e non offrirà la funzione di completamento automatico.

L'esecuzione di un comando di questo tipo comporta la visualizzazione di un'icona di chiave inglese che offre opzioni aggiuntive. Puoi scegliere di aprire un terminale da cui eseguire il comando (può essere utile se il comando produce un risultato di testo che vuoi leggere) o scegliere di eseguire il programma con i permessi di un altro utente (fornendo il nome dell'utente e la password).

Esempi:

Comando	Risultato
ls ~/Documenti	elenca il contenuto di ~/Documenti (preferibilmente in un terminale)
cp ~/Documenti/mioFile ~/mioFile	copia mioFile da ~/Documenti a ~/
mplayer mioFilm.mkv	riproduce mioFilm.mkv in mplayer

Inoltre, se ti trovi a tuo agio con la riga di comando, potrai apprezzare l'integrazione con le pagine man. Semplicemente digita un nome di comando preceduto da # per aprire nel tuo browser la pagina del manuale formattata per una facile lettura.

Esempi:

Comando	Risultato
#ls	apre il manuale di ls in un browser

Navigare tra i siti web

(builtin plugins: Bookmarks, Locations, Web Search Keywords)

Puoi semplicemente iniziare a digitare l'URL di un sito web per aprirlo nel browser predefinito. Puoi anche digitare il nome di un segnalibro di Konqueror e KRunner lo aprirà per te. Se hai visitato il sito web in passato, KRunner può recuperare i risultati anche dalla cronologia del browser.

Esempi:

Comando	Risultato
mioSegnalibro	apre il segnalibro in un browser
kde.org	apre il sito di KDE in un browser
http://userbase.kde.org/	apre Userbase in un browser

KRunner conosce già le tue scorciatoie web in Konqueror, puoi quindi iniziare a utilizzarle direttamente.

Esempi:

Comando	Risultato
gg:KDE	cerca KDE in Google
wp:krunner	cerca krunner in Wikipedia

KRunner fornisce anche opzioni per scaricare i file dal web utilizzando KGet partendo dai rispettivi URL.

Esistono ulteriori esecutori per effettuare ricerche veloci in Wikipedia, Wikitravel e KDE Techbase.

Aprire file, cartelle e dispositivi

(builtin plugin: Locations)

KRunner può anche aprire i file e le cartelle del tuo computer. Se vuoi, puoi anche sfogliare le cartelle di computer remoti. Nota come KRunner utilizza i kioslave per ssh (fish:) e samba (smb:).

Esempi:

Comando	Risultato
file:/home/	apre file:///home/ (la cartella Home) in Dolphin
file:mioFilm.mkv	apre /home/mioFilm.mkv
fish:tuo@server.com	apre fish:/tuo@server.com/ tramite il protocollo fish (file over ssh)
smb:mioPCWindows	apre smb:/mioPCWindows tramite Samba

If you don't know the path to a file, simply type the name of the file. If the file is a recently opened document, KRunner will list it for you. If you have enabled "File Search" provided by Baloo daemon, you can also search your computer for the file by its indexed contents. KRunner will also open folders you've bookmarked in Dolphin (in your Places sidebar) if you type their name in. What's more, if you want to access devices on your system (both mounted and unmounted), you can do that, too. KRunner will even provide device-specific options.

Examples:

Input	Output
Home	opens the Home directory in Dolphin
myFlashDrive	shows options to mount or open the contents of myFlashDrive

Gestire più sessioni, finestre, desktop e attività

Several KDE applications allow you to save and load sessions. KRunner allows you to launch these sessions. You can either type in the name of the application or directly type in the name of the session. Runners exist for opening sessions saved in Kate, Konqueror, Konsole, etc.

KRunner is a multitasker's dream. If you have too many windows open, just type in the title of the window and switch directly to it. You can similarly type in the name of a virtual desktop and switch directly to it. If you roll with activities, switch activities by typing their name in. KRunner will find a match as soon as you type three characters in.

KRunner will even switch desktop sessions for you. Type in the keyword switch or new session to start a separate X session. You can switch back and forth between sessions by using the switch keyword.

Examples:

Input	Output
Desktop 1	switches the virtual desktop to Desktop 1
myWorkActivity	switches the activity to myWorkActivity
switch	shows options to switch to an existing session or start a new one
new session	starts a new session

Several plasma widgets can be launched as windowed applications. You can simply type the name of a widget and KRunner will launch a window for you.

Comunicare con altre persone

Type in the name of a contact in your KAddressBook to get a list of options to contact them. Typing in an email address into KRunner will open a KMail composer window. You can also search through contacts in your Kopete contact list.

The addressbook and kopete runners don't seem to be working in SC 4.8.

Examples:

Input	Output
kde@mail.kde.org	compose a mail to the KDE mailing list
myContact	show options to contact myContact

Ascoltare un po' di musica

You can control any modern audio player such as Amarok using KRunner. You can use several keywords (all configurable) to play, pause or skip songs. Typing in the name of an artist, album or song that is in Amarok's library will let you either play immediately, play next (queue) or play at the end (append) of the current playlist. You can use keywords to increase or decrease the volume of the player, or even to mute or quit it.

Examples:

Input	Output
play song search	plays a song immediately
pause	pauses Amarok or your designated music player
next	plays next song in playlist

Ricavare data e ora

You can get the current date or time by typing in the keywords date or time. Selecting the result will copy it to your clipboard so you can paste it elsewhere. The format of the date and time respects your system settings.

Examples:

Input	Output
date	Today's date is ...
time	The current time is ...

You can even get the date and time at another location by specifying the time zone or the city listed in the TZ database.

Examples:

Input	Output
time UTC	The current time in UTC is ...
time oslo	The current time in Europe/Oslo is ...
time kolkata	The current time in Asia/Kolkata is ...

There is a runner for interfacing with Korganizer and fetching events, but it doesn't seem to be working in SC 4.8.

Calcolatrice

KRunner features a very versatile calculator that can be called by starting or ending a calculation with an = sign. In addition to basic arithmetic, you can call scientific functions like sqrt(), sin(), log(), etc. A list of the supported functions is here. Note that trigonometric functions like sin(), cos(), etc expect the angle in radians. KRunner understands pi in expressions.

Examples:

Input	Output
32*12 =	384
= sqrt(4) + 32*sin(30*pi/180)	18

KRunner also supports combinatorics functions, like perm() or comb().

Examples:

Input	Output
= perm(10,5)	30240
= comb(10,5)	252

KRunner can also handle symbolic mathematics and perform integration and differentiation on expressions

Examples:

Input	Output
= integrate( -x/y^2, y )	-x/y
diff( log(x) ) =	1/x

You can also use KRunner to solve polynomial functions to find its roots.

Examples:

Input	Output
= solve( x^2 + 4*x - 21 = 0 )	[3, -7]

KRunner intelligently handles units as part of the calculations. Try the following examples to see how.

Examples:

Input	Output
= 2.5 kg * 10 m/s^2	25 N
220 V / 10 A =	22 ohms

Since KRunner understands most units, you can use it to convert them very quickly. Note that unit conversions don't require an = sign.

Examples:

Input	Output
30 F	-1.11111 degrees C (°C), 273.039 K, ...
27.8 km	1.09449e+06 inches (in), 17.2742 miles (mi), ...
5 gallons in liters	18.9271 liters (l)

KRunner knows currencies, too. Conversions between currencies is done by fetching the exchange rate from the European Central Bank website.

Examples:

Input	Output
1 dollar	0.657002 pounds sterling (GBP), 0.742501 euros (EUR), ...
125 euros	110.606 pounds sterling (GBP), 15,785 yen (JPY), ...
30 JPY in RUB	9.40731 rubles (RUB)

Andare in posti specifici

If you have bookmarked locations in the Marble (in OpenStreetMap), KRunner can open the map directly.

Correzione ortografica e caratteri speciali

KRunner can tell you whether your spelling is correct and/or suggest corrections. The default keyword to start the spellchecker is spell and can be configured.

Examples:

Input	Output
spell linux	Suggested words: Linux, lynx, ...

KRunner can also allow you to pick special characters if you can specify the hexadecimal unicode for the character, preceded by a # sign.

Examples:

Input	Output
#03b2	β
#00b1	±

Gestire il computer

You can directly open system settings control modules from KRunner. Often, if you want to change something, just type associated terms and KRunner will find the control module with the settings you want.

Examples:

Input	Output
keyboard	opens the Keyboard settings control module
fonts	opens the fonts settings control module
password	opens the Password & User account control module

KRunner can also be used to adjust the screen brightness by using the keywords "screen brightness". You can specify a percentage or just turn the brightness halfway or fully down. Additionally, keywords exist to suspend, logout, shutdown or restart your machine.

Examples:

Input	Output
screen brightness 100	increases screen brightness to 100%
sleep	suspends computer to RAM
lock	locks the screen
restart	restarts computer
shutdown	shutdowns computer

Utilizzo

Aprire KRunner

The easiest way to open KRunner is to trigger its global shortcut (Alt+Space or Alt+F2, by default). In some activities (e.g. Desktop), you can simply click on the desktop and start typing. In others (e.g. Search and Launch), KRunner may be built into the activity itself.

You can also right-click on your plasma workspace and select Run Command... or just simply launch it from the commandline by typing krunner.

Utilizzare KRunner

Use Tab/Ctrl+j or Shift+Tab/Ctrl+k to navigate up and down results. Use arrow keys to move between options (if any) in a result. Use Enter (or left click) to select a result.

Scoprire KRunner

Click on the wrench icon to bring up configuration options where you can enable/disable/configure runners that will process your searches. Additional options are available to change the position on the screen where krunner appears. You can even change the style to a task-oriented interface, if you like.

Clicking on the '?' icon opens a scrollable list that explains the syntax of all the available runners. This is a good way to discover new functionality!

Suggerimenti, trucchi e domande frequenti

You can use KRunner in a special "single runner" mode. While in this mode, KRunner will only have one active runner to process your searches. This feature isn't supported by all runners, but quite a few already do. Open the global keyboard shortcuts control module directly from KRunner and choose the "Run Command Interface" to see what's available. Set a global shortcut for the mode you want and launch KRunner in that mode. You can have as many modes as you can find shortcuts for.

This blog covers some of the advanced usage of the calculator runner.