KMail/FAQs Hints and Tips/de: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 11:09, 28 September 2011

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Ist mein Problem schon bekannt?

Symptom: You have a problem with KDE-PIM and would like to know whether others have reported and solved the problem. You wonder how to read the archives of the kde-pim mailing list.

Solution: This is a good habit to cultivate. Try the MARC archives at http://lists.kde.org/?l=kdepim-users&r=1&w=2

Configuration

Gesendete E-Mails in einem speziellen Ordner speichern

Symptom: You want to store mails in a special folder. Maybe you are using an IMAP server and want to store your mails on the server, not in the client.

Lösung: Wählen Sie in Kmail Einstellungen -> KMail einrichten ... -> Identitäten -> (Ihre Identität auswählen) -> Ändern -> Erweitert -> Ordner für versendete Nachrichten

Gelöschte E-Mails in einem speziellen Ordner speichern

Symptom: You want to store mails in a special folder. Maybe you are using an IMAP server and want Trashed mails to be stored on the server, not in the client.

Solution: In Kmail, choose Settings -> Configure KMail -> Accounts -> Receiving tab -> (Choose an account) -> Modify -> Advanced -> Trash folder

In some versions you will need Settings -> Configure KMail -> Accounts -> Receiving tab -> (Choose an account) -> Modify -> IMAP settings tab -> Trash folder (or Wastebin folder, depending on your distro)

Verschlüsselte E-Mails unverschlüsselt speichern

Symptom: You exchange encrypted mail with a friend, but would like to store it unencrypted, once you have opened the message.

Solution: To store emails that have been decrypted once in unencrypted format henceforth, add this to your kmailrc configuration file, in the [Reader] section:

store-displayed-messages-unencrypted=true

This may only work with SMIME but implementation for OpenPgP is being worked on.

Spam filtering on an IMAP server

Symptom: You intend moving on to reading your mail from an IMAP server, and wonder how filtering and spam handling will occur?

Solution: The machine that already has your mail can become your imap server. You will need to configure a server application. Dovecot is one such, and the guidance on the project web pages make it easy to set up. That still leaves you with the problem of filtering, as it makes sense to do it on the server (when you point kmail at the server you will see the folders that you have created on the server). Again there are options, but one of the best known is procmail. Again there is plenty of information on the Internet on how to set this up. You give it a set of "recipes" - here's an example:

:0
 * (^To|^CC|^List-ID): .*kde-linux
 ${MAILDIR}.INBOX.KDE-Lists.kde-users/

If you have maildir folders, each recipe must end with a "/". If your folders are mbox, just omit the "/"

If you have been using bogofilter with kmail you will already have a wordlist. This can be used at server level, too, so you won't have to start training from scratch. The trick is to set this before the procmail recipes:

:0fw
 | bogofilter -e -p

:0e
 { EXITCODE=75 HOST }

:0:
 * ^X-Bogosity: Spam, tests=bogofilter
 ${MAILDIR}.INBOX.a-Spam/

:0e
 { EXITCODE=75 HOST }

:0:
 * ^X-Bogosity: Unsure, tests=bogofilter
 ${MAILDIR}.INBOX.a-Unsure/

:0e
 { EXITCODE=75 HOST }

Note that it is going to use a mailbox for spam and one for unsure - I add a 'a-' to the name to ensure that they are easily seen, at the top of the list.

Finally, to improve performance, run the following command occasionally on saved spam and Unsures:

/usr/share/bogofilter/contrib/trainbogo.sh -c -H /home/user/Maildir /.INBOX.bogotrain_ham/cur/ -S /home/user/Maildir/.INBOX.bogotrain_spam/cur/

(Vergessen Sie nicht, den Pfad zu überprüfen.)

This is not a complete guide to setting up a server, but notes on how to set up the server to work as you expect in KMail.

Mehr Platz auf dem Bildschirm in KMail bekommen

Symptom: You are using KMail under KDE 4.2 or later on a netbook, and find that the new Aggregation display leaves you little screen space

Solution: In 4.2 you have a new set of icons next to the quick search bar. You can use these to choose a different theme and a different aggregation. If you want to change the look so that a mail uses a single row instead of two rows, go to - the tooltip says Select View Appearance (Theme) - and change the theme to Classic. If you want to disable grouping by date, change the aggregation to Standard Mailing List. Now your KMail will look exactly like it did in earlier versions.

In 4.4 and 4.5 these settings were moved to the main menu, View -> Message List -> Theme and View -> Message List -> Aggregation

Mehr Platz auf dem Bildschirm in KMail bekommen -- Schrift verkleinern

Symptom: You still lack screen space, and would prefer more visible lines at the expense of font size, but your attempts only partially work.

Solution: In Settings -> Configure KMail -> Appearance -> Fonts you can select Custom Font and change the setting for each component in the list. This is when you discover that your folder list and the message bodies do use the fonts you want, but the message list still has too large a font.

Now you have to look at that set of new icons at the top right, close to the search box, for - the tooltip says Select View Appearance (Theme). Choose Configure, then Appearance tab. There is a list of Content Items, and below that a mockup of column headers. Each one of those column headers needs to be clicked on, and your new Custom font set. At the end of this the message list will display in the same font as the rest of your layout.

In later versions that don't have those icons you can make the changes by right-clicking on the Message List headers, and selecting Theme -> Configure -> Appearance Tab Again, you need to work with the header of each column.

Un-configure KMail folder tool tips

Symptom: You are using KMail under KDE 4.2 or later on a netbook, and find that the tooltips over folders hide too many folder names

Solution: Right-clicking on the header of the Folder List now brings up several more configuration options. One section is headed Display Tooltips, and the choices are Always, When Text Obscured, Never. When Text Obscured is handy for folders that have long names, so that only part of the name is displayed. Folders where you can see the full name won't pop up the tooltip.

Un-configure KMail message list tool tips

In KMail, Settings -> Configure KMail -> Appearance -> Message List uncheck General -> Display tooltips for messages and group headers

Remove Alternate Line colourings

In System Settings -> Appearance -> Colors -> Colors, for each color set except Common Colors (which doesn't have it), change the Alternate Background to be the same as the Normal Background.

Mandriva doesn't use the name System Settings. As in KControl, the KDE 3 control centre, they name it "Configure your Desktop" to distinguish it from "Configure your Computer", a.k.a. the Mandriva Control Center (MCC). Other than this name change, the method is as described above.

Store messages from separate email accounts in separate inbox folders

For POP create folders in ~/.kde/share/apps/kmail/mail/ (copy and rename the default folder). These then appear in the drop down list in Settings -> Configure KMail -> Accounts -> Modify -> POP Settings -> Destination Folder.

Create other folders in the same location for sent mail. These can be set in Identities -> Advanced.

This recipe may not be applicable to KMail 2 due to move to Akonadi-based mail storage.

Migration

E-Mails und Einstellungen auf einen anderen Computer übertragen (oder zu einem anderen Benutzerkonto auf dem gleichen Computer)

Lösung: Die Nachrichten sind typischerweise in ~/.kde/share/apps/kmail/abgelegt. Bei sehr alten Installationen von KMail, können die Nachrichten auch in ~/Mail sein. Beachten Sie, dass KMail versteckte Unterverzeichnisse in diesem Verzeichnis verwendet, so müssen Sie sicherstellen, dass versteckte Verzeichnisse mitkopiert werden.

Für Ihre Konfigurationsdaten sollten Sie die folgenden Dateien kopieren:

~/.kde/share/config/kmailrc,
~/.kde/share/config/mailtransports, (seit KDE 4.0)
~/.kde/share/config/emaildefaults und
~/.kde/share/config/emailidentities .

Ihr Adressbuch ist in der Regel in ~/.kde/share/apps/kabc/ gespeichert, Kalender-Daten in der Datei ~/.kde/share/apps/korganizer

Seien Sie sich bewusst, dass einige Distributionen für ihre KDE-Konfigurationsdaten ~/.kde4 verwenden statt ~ /.kde / . Schauen Sie sich im Zweifelsfall die Ausgabe des Befehls kde4-config --localprefix an.

Seit Version 4.4 müssen auch einige Akonadi -kontrollierte Einträge gesichert werden. Fügen Sie der obigen Liste -!.! N! * Alles unter ~/local/share/ N! * Alles unter ~/.config/akonadi/ N! * ~/.kde/share/config/nepomukserverrc N! * Alles unter ~/.kde/share/apps/nepomuk/ (KAddressBook speichert Kontaktgruppen in Nepomuk.)

Wenn Sie einen USB-Stick als Transportmedium für die Daten verwenden möchten, beachten Sie den Abschnitt weiter unten: " E-Mail kann nicht auf einen USB-Stick kopiert werden "! N! ----

Problem: Sie können keine E-Mails auf einen USB-Stick kopieren

Symptom: Sie sind an der Einrichtung eines neuen Computers und möchten Ihre E-Mails dorthin übertragen. Sie entscheiden sich, alles auf einen USB-Stick zu kopieren. Der Job startet, dann erhalten Sie die Fehlermeldung: N!

kann nicht kopiert ............ Ungültiges Argument

Lösung: Ihr USB-Stick ist [1] formatiert, und kann daher weder mit (exotischen, Anm. des Übersetzers) maildir- Ordnernamen umgehen noch mit Berechtigungen, was viele andere Probleme verursachen kann. Sie haben zwei Möglichkeiten. Entweder formatieren Sie Ihren USB-Stick als ext2 (in diesem Fall sollten Sie sich bewusst sein, er kann nicht mit Windows Betriebssystemen ohne Installation zusätzlicher Software gelesen werden) oder erstellen Sie eine tar-Datei aller Ihrer E-Mail, Kopieren sie auf den Stick und entpacken Sie es in Ihrem neuen Host.

Problemlösung

Problem: Sie verlieren E-Mails

Symptom: Sie verlieren mail. Eine Nachricht in Ihrem Posteingang hatte eine leere Betreffzeile und das Datum 1. Januar 1970. Wenn Sie darauf geklickt haben, war sie leer. Wenn Sie auf die nächste Nachricht klickten, nahm sie den selben Zustand an.

Lösung: Dies geschieht, bei korrupten Index-Dateien. Das erste, was dann zu tun ist, ist nicht auf weitere Nachrichten zu klicken!

With the KMail 1.10 shipped with KDE 4.1 or newer, right click on the folder and select Rebuild Index (you can do the same from the Folder menu).
With earlier KMail versions the process is slightly more complicated. Close KMail. In Dolphin, navigate to where your mail is stored (typically in ~/.kde/share/apps/kmail/) and look for index files associated with the affected mailbox. There will be two or three, and be easy to spot. Delete them. They will be recreated when you re-start KMail. You will have lost the mails that had disappeared, but the rest of the mail should be visible again.

You have empty 'ghost-mails' in your inbox (or other folder)

Symptom: For some reason, certain messages aren't accessible in KMail. They show up in the message list window but selecting them there results in a blank message window. I can't open them or reply to them, etc.

Solution: This problem is most likely due to corrupted index files, see issue "You are losing mail" above. So just follow the advice given there.

Problem: Wrong address autocompletion

Symptom: You sent an email to a friend and mis-typed his address. Now that address keeps popping up as a suggestion, every time you try to send to the correct address. You can't find it in your addressbook.

Solution: Recent addresses are actually stored in ~/.kde/share/config/kmailrc, but rather than risk making a mistake in a manual edit, go to KMail's Settings -> Configure KMail -> Composer and you will see a button Edit Recent Addresses

Problem: Link in einer E-Mail lässt sich nicht öffnen

Symptom: You have set Firefox as your default browser, but when you click a URL in KMail it loads a local temporary version of the page with broken relative links.

Solution: You should add "%u" or "%U" to the Firefox executable in the settings. If that is not present KDE assumes that the application is not capable of handling remote urls (http) and hence creates a local copy first.

Problem: You get an authentication error message

Authentication support is not compiled into kio_smtp. The message will stay in the 'outbox' folder until you either fix 
the problem (e.g. a broken address) or remove the message from the 'outbox' folder.

Solution: Install the sasl-devel-package and recompile kdepimlibs. E.g. for SUSE the package is named cyrus-sasl-devel and you install it with the command

yast -i cyrus-sasl-devel

When running cmake to compile kdepimlibs, you will see:

-- The following external packages were located on your system.
 -- This installation will have the extra features provided by these packages.
 [...]
 + cyrus-sasl

This usually only affects self-build distros.

Problem: You can't find your Distribution Lists

Solution: See Special:myLanguage/KAddressBook

Your correspondents complain about your bottom-posting

Symptom: Your correspondents use mail agents that routinely top-post, and they complain that they have to scroll down to read your replies. You, on the other hand, post to mailing lists, where it is a requirement that you bottom post to maintain the natural order of reading.

Solution: Highlight the portion of your received message to which you want to reply, before hitting the Reply icon or keyboard shortcut. The composer window that opens will quote only the section that you highlighted and your correspondents will be able to see your reply without unnecessary scrolling.

KMail spellchecking doesn't work with the Deutsch dictionary

Symptom: Your default dictionary is set to "Deutsch", but when typing in German, the spell-checker doesn't alert you to mis-spelled words.

Solution: Change your default dictionary to "Deutsch (Deutschland)". It's worth remembering, too, that you can associate different dictionaries to each Identity, and also by using the View menu on a Compose screen, you can choose to have the dictionary used displayed while composing a message, and change dictionaries, using that, when desired.

Error: Could Not Determine Resource Status

Symptom: When fetching mail, you get an error message reading like:

Error while getting folder information.
 Could Not Determine Resource Status
 An attempt to determine information about the status of the resource 
 Unable to get information about folder INBOX.customflags.
 The server replied: Mailbox does not exist, or must be subscribed to.,
 such as the resource name, type, size, etc., was unsuccessful.
 Technical reason: Could Not Stat Resource

Reason: You are using Courier IMAP as your mail server.

Solution: If you are your own mail server administrator, set up a different mail service, for example cyrus. Here is a description how to do it.

Problem: Kmail is slow

Symptom: Kmail is really slow to get your mails.

Solution: It might be that the spam tool you're using is slowing down Kmail. If you used Kmail tools menu to add a spam tool and added Spam Assassin (for example) then try another one. I noticed that bogofilter is much quicker. You'll need to remove the 1st one and add the 2nd. You'll then need to train the spam tool you just added (bogofilter): KMail Anti-Spam Tools

Symptom: You just copied your mail folders from an earlier version (see "Migration" above) and now Kmail is really slow to respond shortly after it starts up, for at least several seconds with Kontact burning 100% cpu.

Solution: Work through all your saved message folders and Mark all messages as read, from either the Folder menu or right-click on the folder in the tree view side panel.

Symptom: You experience very long delays when sending messages, and KMail is frozen while you wait.

Solution: There was a bug in the various Release Candidates for KDE SC 4.4 which caused KMail to do lengthy searches for matching addresses. Updating to the full 4.4 should cure the problem.

Symptom: When you type in the composer window, characters appear very slowly.

Possible Solutions: This is a known bug. Some have reported that disabling then re-enabling desktop effects may help. Others have reported that switching to a desktop theme, other then Oxygen, works.

Problem: Cannot save SMTP password - kwallet is unavailable

Symptom: When saving your SMTP password in the KMail SMTP configuration dialog you get a "kwallet is unavailable" message.

Solution: You need to reset the KWallet configuration for KMail.

Stop KMail

Start KDE Wallet Manager

Open Settings -> Configure Wallet

Delete the Kontact and KMail entries (Kontact or KMail entry may not be there)

Save and close KDE Wallet Manager

Start KMail

Enter the SMTP password in the Configure Account dialog

Save - answer yes to the KWallet dialog

KMail mit anderen Desktops oder Anwendungen

Problem: KMail startet nicht

Symptom: You want to start KMail from a minimal desktop environment like fvwm2. It does not start.

Reason: You are missing the dbus functionality.

Solution: Start KMail using dbus-launch like this:

dbus-launch kmail

Für mailto:-Adressen in Firefox KMail verwenden

Solution:

Firefox 2 - In the Firefox address bar, type

about:config

Right-click anywhere in the window and select New -> String in the first dialogue field. Type

network.protocol-handler.app.mailto

and then

kmailservice

„Firefox“ schließen

Firefox 3 - In the Firefox menu, select Edit -> Preferences, choose the Applications tab, then type

mailto

in the search box. Choose Use Other... and find /usr/bin/kmailservice

Firefox als Standard-Browser einstellen

Symptom: You want to click on a link in KMail and have it opened in Firefox. At the moment, another browser is used. You want to change this.

Solution: This solution will affect all of KDE, not just KMail. Start systemsettings -> Default Applications -> Web Browser -> Open http and https URLs in the following browser -> firefox.

If you are an administrator and want to set this setting automatically for your users, it is

für SUSE-Linux

in your user directory in .kde4/share/config/kdeglobals add the line

BrowserApplication[$e]=!firefox

under category [General]

für alle anderen Linux-Distributionen:

in your user directory in .kde/share/config/kdeglobals add the line

BrowserApplication[$e]=!firefox

under category [General] If General category doesn't exist you should add it.

You can also use the script in Tutorials/Modify_KDE_Software_Defaults

Control your Roaming profile's connection

Symptom: You set up a Roaming profile to access your home server while you are on the road, but it keeps trying to connect even when you are at home. Auto-connection is disabled in the setup screens.

Solution: Settings -> Configure KMail -> Accounts -> Receiving (tab) -> (select the account to exclude) -> Modify ->General (tab), uncheck Include in manual mail check. This will exclude the profile when you hit the download icon, but the profile will still be available from the drop-down list, making it easy to get your mail while away from home.

KMail2-Probleme

KMail2 versendet keine E-Mails

Some users find that mail does not go out, and it appears that smtp is missing, even though the Settings page looks correct. It has been reported that this is cured by opening akonadiconsole and adding Mail Dispatcher Agent.

Tipps und Tricks

Add a Tag to aid searching

You must first define your tags, which is done in Settings->Configure KMail->Appearance->Message Tags. Now you will find that the (right-click) context menu, under Mark Message, offers you the choice of your defined tags.

Watch threads

If you want to follow a thread, right click and choose Mark Thread -> Watch Thread.

From this point on all messages on the thread that starts in this message will be marked as Watched.

Watch your own threads:

This is useful in case you are registered to a mailing list such as kdepim-users@kde.org and want to filter out the threads you participate in.

Create a filter to mark all your incoming messages to a mailing list as "Watched"

To create a filter go to: Settings -> Configure Filters

select Match all of the following
Add the conditions:
- From -> Contains -> yourmail@maildomain [1]
- List-Id -> Contains listID [2]

[1] Ersetzen Sie ihreemail@maildomain mit Ihrer E-Mail-Adresse zum Versenden

[2]replace listID with a specific mailing list id e.g (<kdepim-users.kde.org>) or just a '.' to include outgoing mail to all mailing list with '.' in their id (basically all).

Under Filter Actions choose Mark As -> Watched.

In the Advanced tab

Uncheck if this filter matches, stop processing here.

so that other filters such as sorting the incoming messages from the mailing list to sub-folders would execute.

Place that filter before other filters that may stop the filtering process,

or simply put it first. (changing the filters order is done using the two arrows up and down, under the available filters list)

Eine Suche in Mailinglistennachrichten erstellen

Go to the folder where your mailing list messages are stored e.g (Local Folders/KDE-PIM-USERS) and hit S key or in the menu Edit -> Find Messages.

Select Match all of the following[3]
Add the condition: Message Status -> is -> Watched
Give the search an informative name (Search folder name) like KDE-PIM-USERS-Watched
Make the search. After it is done you can close the search window.

Now whenever you start a thread or participate in one, it is Watched.

[3] Pay attention to the Include sub-folders.

E-Mail Translation

Symptom: you receive mail messages in different languages and want to translate them without doing lots of copy and paste.

Solution: using an external program to translate our E-Mail and display it.

Schritt für Schritt Umsetzung

Warning

The provided solution was tested limited number of times and should be used with caution.

Prerequisites, make sure you have those before starting
- libtranslate
- perl
- perl module Email::MIME
- kmail
Setting up a pipe filter
- In Kmail go to Settings -> Configure filters
  - create a new filter and name it Translate
  - add a Filter Criteria that would be always true (e.g Subject -> Does not equal -> "321546543")
  - add a Filter Action Pipe Through
```
~/bin/mail_translate.pl
```
  - open the Advanced tab and un-check everything except for Add this filter to the Apply Filter menu, you can also set a shortcut and an icon here.
Putting the script in place and configuring it
- save the following script to a file named mail_translate.pl and put it in your ~/bin directory.

#!/usr/bin/perl

use Email::MIME;

my $from_language = 'en';
my $to_language = 'he';
my $translation_command = "translate ";
my $languages_pair = "-f $from_language -t $to_language";
my $line;
my $message='';

while ($line=<>)
{
    $message.=$line;
}

my $email = Email::MIME->new($message);
my @parts = $email->parts;
my $separator = `echo "translation" | $translation_command -f en -t "$to_language" -`;
chop $separator;
rec_parts ($email,@parts);

sub rec_parts
{
    my $parent = $_[0];
    my @parts = $_[1];
    for $part(@parts)
    {
	my @sub_parts = $part->parts;
	if (@sub_parts > 1)
	{
	    rec_parts ($part,@sub_parts);
	}
	my $type=$part->content_type;
	if (( $part->content_type =~ m[text/plain]gi )||( $part->content_type eq ''))
	{
	    my $body = $part->body;
	    
	    $body=~s/['"`]*//g;
	    my $translation_body=`echo "$body" | $translation_command $languages_pair -`;
	    $translation_body=~s/['"`]*//g;
	    my $msg=$body."\n\n---"."$separator"."---\n\n".$translation_body;
	    `kdialog --title "$separator" --msgbox "$msg"`;
	}
    }
}
print $email->as_string;

Make the script executable using
```
$chmod a+x ~/bin/mail_translate.pl
```
Configuring the script to suit your needs.
- Currently the script will translate from English (en) to Hebrew (he), you probably need another type of translation. To change that settings look inside the script for the phrase $from_language = 'en' and $to_language = 'he' and replace the 'en' and 'he' parts with the combination you need, if you are not sure, a full list of language codes is available from the ISO 639-2 list.

- Testing
  - before charging innocent E-Mails and translating them first try that on something you don't mind to lose, look in your trash or spam folder. Right click on any translatable item Apply Filter -> Filter Translate A dialog box should pop-up with the original message followed by it's translation.
- Troubleshooting
  - If the script is not working you can test it outside of KMail to narrow down the responsible component. Save a mail message as 1.mbox file and run in the terminal
```
$~/bin/mail_translate.pl < 1.mbox > 2.mbox
```

If the output file 2.mbox is not the same as 1.mbox then there is a problem in the script and it shouldn't be used.

Note

this script will only translate the Plain Text parts of an E-Mail message and not the HTML parts.

Nachrichten speichern und bearbeiten ohne die Nachrichtenparameter zu verändern

Get rid of that long mail trail in top-poster replies. You can edit a message and remove unwanted parts by saving it to disk (Save As), editing it separately in a text editor, and then import it again. Just delete the original. This method also works to detach encapsulated messages and keep them as separate messages.

@@ Line 152: / Line 152: @@
 ''Symptom:'' Sie verlieren mail. Eine Nachricht in Ihrem Posteingang hatte eine leere Betreffzeile und das Datum 1. Januar 1970. Wenn Sie darauf geklickt haben, war sie leer. Wenn Sie auf die nächste Nachricht klickten, nahm sie den selben Zustand an.
-''Solution:'' This happens where there is corruption in your index files. First thing then, do ''not''click on any more messages.
+''Lösung:'' Dies geschieht, bei korrupten Index-Dateien. Das erste, was dann zu tun ist, ist ''nicht'' auf weitere Nachrichten zu klicken!
 *With the '''KMail''' 1.10 shipped with KDE 4.1 or newer, right click on the folder and select <menuchoice>Rebuild Index</menuchoice> (you can do the same from the <menuchoice>Folder</menuchoice> menu).