Krita/es

Krita 2.4 mostrando el anillo de acceso rápido mediante clic derecho -- Ilustración de Tyson Tan

Krita Logo (as of 2.4) Krita, la aplicación de dibujo y pintura digital de KDE Diseñado para el dibujo digital, arte conceptual, cómics y creación de texturas e inspirado en las herramientas de dibujo tradicionales. Dotado de numerosas características, Krita es un programa rico en funcionalidades y con una interfaz de usuario flexible y ergonómica. Visita la página web oficial de Krita para estar al tanto de las últimas novedades: Krita.org

Manual de Krita

Krita Questions? Want to dig deeper? Read the Krita site for documentation for the upcoming Krita 3.

Introducción

Krita is a free and cross-platform creativity application for digital painting, image manipulation, concept art, comics and the creation of textures for things like game art or 3D models. It is designed around existing real-world painting materials and artist workflows, but it is also packed with functions digital artists require, like layers, filters, vector-based path drawing, typography tools, and built-in color-management support. Krita is a KDE application based on the Calligra platform.

Funcionalidades

• Designed specifically for artists, to promote natural drawing and painting workflows

• Unique "Artist Palette" with color wheel, color history and favorite brushes is available with right-click

• Multiple highly configurable brush engines create endless opportunities to mimic natural media or create new and unique brush strokes.

• Layers offer standard Blending Modes, including multiply, overlay, screen, etc...) as well as opacity control, however, they also provide adjustments and fine tuning within specific layer types.

• Supports Vector Layers with the ability to create and edit complex Path, Curve or Text-based objects.

• Supports Autosave (1+ min >)

• Supports User-customizable toolbar, shortcuts and drag-and-drop panels.

• Amplio soporte de formatos, incluyendo archivos de GIMP y de Photoshop

• Built-in Color Management System, supports color space conversion, RGB, CMYK and L*a*b, etc.

• Extensible a través de OpenShiva, Python o scripts de Ruby

• Programa multiplataforma con soporte en varias distribuciones GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows y Mac OSX

Interfaz

Krita has a highly flexible and user-friendly interface. Nearly all aspects of the interface, including the toolbar, keyboard shortcuts and specific tool options through the movable tabbed panels, or Dockers can be customized to suit the specific needs of an individual or team. Dockers are panels that can be moved around the screen through familiar drag-and-drop gestures. Using these tools a personally customized task-based workspace can be created in minutes. Each workspace can be uniquely named, saved and recalled for later use. When combined with the right-click accessible Artist Palette pop-up, an artist can create a seamless experience customized specifically to their needs, whether it is project-based or based more on personal workflow requirements.

Barras de herramientas

Krita permite a los usuarios personalizar las barras de herramientas fácilmente mediante un click derecho. Hay dos barras en Krita: "Documentos" y "pinceles y demás". Es posible añadir o quitar funciones de las barras, cambiar la posición del texto y el tamaño y orden de iconos. Los textos del botón se pueden cambiar o superponer asignando los iconos que se deseen para ellos (con el espacio de trabajo KDE plasma instalado).

Atajos de teclado

A powerful feature in Krita is the ability to assign/reassign keyboard shortcuts. The user is encouraged to assign both the main shortcut and an alternative shortcut to a single command. While customizing shortcuts, the command list is searchable and the users is notified of any conflicting commands.

Krita lets you set up shortcuts that both speed your own workflow, emulate another software package or, perhaps, both.

Dockers

Dockers are movable panels that each contain a specific set of tools. They are moved around the screen using familiar drag-and-drop gestures and can be placed either floating directly on the canvas or docked in one of the multiple docking areas. Dockers may be sized horizontally and vertically. Multiple dockers can be grouped in a shared space and switched between them by clicking on their tabs. By right-clicking on the title area of any panels you can easily add or remove panels from a complete list. A docker can also be collapsed to save space by clicking on its down arrow in the upper left corner.

Palette

There are two kinds of palettes in Krita: the ordinary palette for color presets (Color Preset Docker), and the not-so-ordinary Artist Palette pop-up used for quick access to color selector, color history and favorite brushes. This quick access palette can be called up by right-clicking anywhere on the canvas, which liberates the artist from the interruption in switching among colors and tools, thus providing a more immersive user experience. Favorite brushes can be added to the palette by clicking on the toolbar button Save to Palette, as well as selecting from any number of tag-based group of brush sets.

Sistema de pinceles

Krita has a powerful and highly customizable brush system modeled on various existing real-world drawing tools. In brush settings different genres of tools are grouped separately, each of them has tens of specified options which allow artists to adjust them thoroughly. On the right-side of the brush setting window is a sketchpad where you may test the current brush settings. The background color and sketchpad gradient can be altered by clicking the icons beneath it.

Durante el uso del pincel, puedes cambiar su tamaño mediante Shift y arrastrar horizontalmente el pincel en el lienzo. Con Ctrl puedes cambiar temporalmente al selector de color. Con el botón central del ratón se puede mover el lienzo, click derecho para el acceso rápido a la paleta. En la barra de herramientas de los pinceles puedes encontrar los sliders de opacidad, flujo y tamaño, solo dos pueden mostrarse al mismo tiempo, pero clickando en el botón más en la derecha puedes cambiar de slider.

Pinceles estables

1. Pinceles de pixel (normales)
2. Pinceles smudge
3. Pinceles de duplicado
4. Pinceles de filtro
5. Pinceles peludos
6. Pinceles de eclosión

Pinceles experimentales

1. Pinceles de tiza
2. Pinceles color smudge
3. Pinceles de curva
4. Pinceles de deformación
5. Pinceles dinamicos
6. Pinceles experimentales
7. Pinceles grid
8. Pinceles de grano
9. Pinceles sketch
10. Pinceles de spray

Formatos de archivo soportados

Krita puede abrir directamente los siguientes tipos de archivo, sin embargo, solamente podrá guardar en los formatos de archivo nativos. Usa la opción Exportar para guardar los formatos que no están soportados de manera nativa. Dependiendo de tu sistema operativo y entorno de trabajo, algunos formatos de archivo pueden no estar soportados.

Formatos soportados de manera nativa

1. Documento de Krita (.kra)
2. Imagen de OpenRaster Archiving (.ora)
3. Imagen PPM
4. Imagen PGM
5. Imagen PBM
6. Imagen PNG
7. Imagen JPEG
8. Imagen de Windows BMP
9. Imagen XPM
10. Imagen XMB
11. Imagen TIFF
12. Imagen EXR

Import and Export

1. Open Document Drawing
2. Photoshop image (.psd)
3. GIMP image (.xcr)
4. PDF document
5. GIF image
6. Nikon NEF raw image
7. Canon CR2 raw image
8. Sony SR2 raw image
9. Canon CRW raw image
10. Pentax PEF raw image
11. Sigma X3F raw image
12. Kodak KDC raw image
13. Minolta MRW raw image
14. Sony ARW raw image
15. Kodak K25 raw image
16. Kodak DCR raw image
17. Olympus ORF raw image
18. Panasonic raw image
19. Panasonic raw2 image
20. Fuji RAF raw image
21. Sony SRF raw image
22. Adobe DNG negative
23. SVG image
24. compressed SVG image
25. WMF image
26. Wordperfect / Drawperfect image
27. Karbon14 drawing
28. EPS
29. PS document

Getting Krita

Krita can be downloaded as a part of Calligra Suite or get it directly from Krita's website.

More Information

• Krita Homepage

• Krita FAQ

• Krita Mailing list

• Calligra Suite Homepage

• Krita development and user help IRC channel

• Krita user forums

Hints, Tips and Tutorials

Tutorials on UserBase

• Tutorial 1

• Tutorial 2

• Tutorial: Brushes

• Tutorial: Pixel Brushes I

• Tutorial: Pixel Brushes II

• Tutorial: Color Smudge Brushes

• Tutorial: Curve, Particle and Dyna brushes

• Tutorial: Sketch, Hairy and Chalk brushes

• Tutorial: Hatching, Grid, Spray and Experiment brushes

Video tutorials

• Wacom Graphire 4 classic kubuntu Gutsy ubuntu debian is a video tutorial that should help users of any distro in their setup of the tablet.

• Introduction to the Compositions Docker

• Brush mask creation tips

• Changing the brush size

• GDQuest's video tutorials

Comics with Krita DVD Tutorial

• Interface

• Frames

• Sketch

• Ink

• Color

• Export