פלזמה/KRunner
KRunner (אפשר להפעיל אותו עם Alt-F2 או עם Alt-רווח) הוא המשגר המובנה לשולחן העבודה פלזמה. למרות שצורת הפעולה הבסיסית שלו היא להפעיל תוכניות מגרסה ממוזערת של שורת הפקודה, אפשר להרחיב את היכולות שלו באמצעות „אצנים” שיכולים לסייע למשתמש לבצע מגוון משימות שונות.
Note
יכולות
הרשימה המנוונת הזאת מנסה להדגים מספר יכולות שימוש בסיסיות ב־KRunner. יש עוד, אפשר לעיין בהן אם לוחצים על הסמל ‚?’ ב־KRunner.
הפעלת ועצירת יישומים
(תוסף מובנה: יישומים)
אפשר להפעיל תוכניות על ידי הקלדת שם היישום להפעילה - או פשוט מכך: ללחוץ על מקשי החיצים לקבלת רשימת התוכניות האחרונות שהופעלו שהקלדת קודם לכן.
אפשר להקליד תו אחד ו־KRunner יתחיל למצוא תוצאות. התוצאות תימצאנה ליישומים מתפריט היישומים הגמיש (לשם כך, יש ללחוץ מקש ימני בתפריט).
דוגמאות:
| קלט | פלט |
gwe |
(מפעיל את Gwenview) |
You can use KRunner to kill applications, too (builtin plugin: Terminate Applications) Type in the keyword kill followed by a process name and KRunner will provide options to close the application (SIGTERM) or forcibly quit it (SIGKILL). KRunner will match partial process names to running processes.
Note that the keyword kill can be changed in the "Terminate Applications" runner to avoid confusion with the shell command kill which accepts process IDs.
התקנה ישירה
(תוסף מובנה: מרכז תוכנה)
In case that you look for an application that has not been installed yet, KRunner will suggest a set of applications that match your search. In specific, since KRunner has been integrated with Plasma Software Center, Discover, will present you a list of applications, enabling you to proceed to direct installation.
הרצת פקודות (מעטפת)
(תוסף מובנה: שורת פקודה)
בנוסף ליישומים שמופיעים בתפריט היישומים, אפשר להשתמש ב־KRunner גם להרצת פקודות מעטפת, כולל הפעלת קבצים בינריים. כדאי לשים לב שבעת כתיבת פקודות מעטפת, KRunner לא יקבל פקודות חלקיות או יציע השלמה לפקודה.
הרצת פקודה באופן הזה תעלה סמל מפתח צינורות שמציע אפשרויות נוספות. אפשר לבחור להרים מסוף ולהריץ את הפקודה שם (עשוי להיות חיוני אם הפקודה שלך מייצרת פלט טקסט שנחוץ לך לקרוא), או לבחור להריץ את התוכנית כמשתמש אחר (על ידי ציון שם המשתמש והסיסמה של המשתמש).
Examples:
| Input | Output |
ls ~/Documents |
lists contents of ~/Documents (preferably in a terminal) |
cp ~/Documents/myFile ~/myFile |
copies myFile from ~/Documents to ~/ |
mplayer myMovie.mkv |
plays myMovie.mkv in mplayer |
Incidentally, if the command line is your thing, you may appreciate the built in integration to man pages. Simply type a command name preceded by a # or man:/ to open the man page formatted for easy readability in your browser.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
#ls |
opens the manual for ls in a browser |
man:/grep |
opens the manual for grep in a browser |
גלישה באתרים
(תוספים מובנים: סימניות, מקומות, מילות מפתח לחיפוש באינטרנט)
You can simply start typing the URL of a website to open it in your default browser. You may even type in the name of a browser bookmark and KRunner will open it for you. If you have visited the website in the past, KRunner can fetch you results from your browser's history, too.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
myBookmark |
opens the bookmark in a browser |
kde.org |
opens the KDE homepage in a browser |
http://userbase.kde.org/ |
opens Userbase in a browser |
KRunner already knows your Web Shortcuts, found in Plasma System Settings, so you can directly start using them.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
gg:KDE |
searches Google for KDE |
wp:krunner |
searches Wikipedia for krunner |
KRunner also provides options to download files from the web using KGet by providing their URL.
Additional runners exist for fast searching on Wikipedia, Wikitravel and KDE Techbase.
פתיחת קבצים, תיקיות ומכשירים
(תוסף מובנה: מקומות)
KRunner can also open files and directories on your local machine for you. If you want to browse remote machines, you can do that, too. Notice how KRunner uses kioslaves for ssh (fish:) and samba (smb:).
Examples:
| Input | Output |
file:/home/ |
opens file:///home/ (the Home directory) in Dolphin |
file:myMovie.mkv |
opens /home/myMovie.mkv |
fish:you@server.com |
opens fish:/you@server.com/ via fish (file over ssh) protocol |
smb:myWindowsBox |
opens smb:/myWindowsBox via Samba |
If you don't know the path to a file, simply type the name of the file. If the file is a recently opened document, KRunner will list it for you. If you have enabled "File Search" provided by Baloo daemon, you can also search your computer for the file by its indexed contents. KRunner will also open folders you've bookmarked in Dolphin (in your Places sidebar) if you type their name in. What's more, if you want to access devices on your system (both mounted and unmounted), you can do that, too. KRunner will even provide device-specific options.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
Home |
opens the Home directory in Dolphin |
myFlashDrive |
shows options to mount or open the contents of myFlashDrive |
Multitask with sessions, windows, desktops and activities
Several KDE applications allow you to save and load sessions. KRunner allows you to launch these sessions. You can either type in the name of the application or directly type in the name of the session. Runners exist for opening sessions saved in Kate, Konqueror, Konsole, etc.
KRunner is a multitasker's dream. If you have too many windows open, just type in the title of the window and switch directly to it. You can similarly type in the name of a virtual desktop and switch directly to it. If you roll with activities, switch activities by typing their name in. KRunner will find a match as soon as you type three characters in.
KRunner will even switch desktop sessions for you. Type in the keyword switch or new session to start a separate X session. You can switch back and forth between sessions by using the switch keyword.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
Desktop 1 |
switches the virtual desktop to Desktop 1 |
myWorkActivity |
switches the activity to myWorkActivity |
switch |
shows options to switch to an existing session or start a new one |
new session |
starts a new session |
Several plasma widgets can be launched as windowed applications. You can simply type the name of a widget and KRunner will launch a window for you.
Talk to people
Type in the name of a contact in your KAddressBook to get a list of options to contact them. Typing in an email address into KRunner will open a KMail composer window. You can also search through contacts in your Kopete contact list.
The addressbook and kopete runners don't seem to be working in SC 4.8.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
kde@mail.kde.org |
compose a mail to the KDE mailing list |
myContact |
show options to contact myContact |
האזנה למוזיקה
You can control any modern audio player such as Amarok using KRunner. You can use several keywords (all configurable) to play, pause or skip songs. Typing in the name of an artist, album or song that is in Amarok's library will let you either play immediately, play next (queue) or play at the end (append) of the current playlist. You can use keywords to increase or decrease the volume of the player, or even to mute or quit it.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
play song search |
plays a song immediately |
pause |
pauses Amarok or your designated music player |
next |
plays next song in playlist |
Be on time
You can get the current date or time by typing in the keywords date or time. Selecting the result will copy it to your clipboard so you can paste it elsewhere. The format of the date and time respects your system settings.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
date |
Today's date is ... |
time |
The current time is ... |
You can even get the date and time at another location by specifying the time zone or the city listed in the TZ database.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
time UTC |
The current time in UTC is ... |
time oslo |
The current time in Europe/Oslo is ... |
time kolkata |
The current time in Asia/Kolkata is ... |
There is a runner for interfacing with Korganizer and fetching events, but it doesn't seem to be working in SC 4.8.
מחשבון
KRunner features a very versatile calculator that can be called by starting or ending a calculation with an = sign. In addition to basic arithmetic, you can call scientific functions like sqrt(), sin(), log(), etc. A list of the supported functions is here. Note that trigonometric functions like sin(), cos(), etc expect the angle in radians. KRunner understands pi in expressions.
דוגמאות:
| קלט | פלט |
32*12 = |
384 |
= sqrt(4) + 32*sin(30*pi/180) |
18 |
KRunner also supports combinatorics functions, like perm() or comb().
דוגמאות:
| קלט | פלט |
= perm(10,5) |
30240 |
= comb(10,5) |
252 |
KRunner יכול לבצע חישובים מתמטיים ולבצע שילוב והבדלים בין ביטויים
Examples:
| Input | Output |
= integrate( -x/y^2, y ) |
-x/y |
diff( log(x) ) = |
1/x |
אפשר גם להשתמש ב־KRunner כדי לפתור פונקציות פולינום ולמצוא את השורשים שלהן.
דוגמאות:
| קלט | פלט |
= solve( x^2 + 4*x - 21 = 0 ) |
[3, -7] |
KRunner מטפל ביחידות מידע בחוכמה כחלק מהחישוב. אפשר לנסות את הדוגמאות שלהלן כדי לראות איך.
דוגמאות:
| קלט | פלט |
= 2.5 kg * 10 m/s^2 |
25 N |
220 V / 10 A = |
22 ohms |
Since KRunner understands most units, you can use it to convert them very quickly. Note that unit conversions don't require an = sign.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
30 F |
-1.11111 degrees C (°C), 273.039 K, ... |
27.8 km |
1.09449e+06 inches (in), 17.2742 miles (mi), ... |
5 gallons in liters |
18.9271 liters (l) |
KRunner knows currencies, too. Conversions between currencies is done by fetching the exchange rate from the European Central Bank website.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
1 dollar |
0.657002 pounds sterling (GBP), 0.742501 euros (EUR), ... |
125 euros |
110.606 pounds sterling (GBP), 15,785 yen (JPY), ... |
30 JPY in RUB |
9.40731 rubles (RUB) |
לטייל בעולם
אם הוספת מקום כסימנייה ב־Marble (ב־OpenStreetMap). Krunner יכול לפתוח את המפה ישירות.
בדיקת איות ותווים מיוחדים
KRunner can tell you whether your spelling is correct and/or suggest corrections. The default keyword to start the spellchecker is spell and can be configured.
דוגמאות:
| קלט | פלט |
spell linux |
מילים מוצעות: Linux, lynx, … |
KRunner יכול גם לאפשר לך לבחור תווים מיוחדים אם ידוע לך הערך ההקסדצימלי ביוניקוד של התו עם הסימן # לפניו.
דוגמאות:
| קלט | פלט |
#03b2 |
β |
#00b1 |
± |
ניהול המחשב שלך
You can directly open system settings control modules from KRunner. Often, if you want to change something, just type associated terms and KRunner will find the control module with the settings you want.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
keyboard |
opens the Keyboard settings control module |
fonts |
opens the fonts settings control module |
password |
opens the Password & User account control module |
KRunner can also be used to adjust the screen brightness by using the keywords "screen brightness". You can specify a percentage or just turn the brightness halfway or fully down. Additionally, keywords exist to suspend, logout, shutdown or restart your machine.
Examples:
| Input | Output |
screen brightness 100 |
increases screen brightness to 100% |
sleep |
suspends computer to RAM |
lock |
locks the screen |
restart |
restarts computer |
shutdown |
shutdowns computer |
אופן שימוש
פתיחת KRunner
The easiest way to open KRunner is to trigger its global shortcut (Alt+Space or Alt+F2, by default). In some activities (e.g. Desktop), you can simply click on the desktop and start typing. In others (e.g. Search and Launch), KRunner may be built into the activity itself.
You can also right-click on your plasma workspace and select or just simply launch it from the commandline by typing krunner.
Use KRunner
Use Tab/Ctrl+j or Shift+Tab/Ctrl+k to navigate up and down results. Use arrow keys to move between options (if any) in a result. Use Enter (or left click) to select a result.
Discover KRunner
Click on the wrench icon to bring up configuration options where you can enable/disable/configure runners that will process your searches. Additional options are available to change the position on the screen where krunner appears. You can even change the style to a task-oriented interface, if you like.
לחיצה על הסמל ‚?’ תפתח רשימה נגללת שמסבירה את התחביר של כל האצנים הזמינים. זאת דרך טובה לגלות דברים חדשים!
עצות, תכסיסים ושאלות נפוצות
You can use KRunner in a special "single runner" mode. While in this mode, KRunner will only have one active runner to process your searches. This feature isn't supported by all runners, but quite a few already do. Open the global keyboard shortcuts control module directly from KRunner and choose the "Run Command Interface" to see what's available. Set a global shortcut for the mode you want and launch KRunner in that mode. You can have as many modes as you can find shortcuts for. 
This blog covers some of the advanced usage of the calculator runner.